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Polyp pancreas

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Polyp pancreas is a benign one that is not prone to rapid growth. Not to introduce the reader astray, it is worth to mention that polyphonie growths in this organ of the digestive system occur, in principle, can not. This is because the pancreas has no large cavities, and the mucous membranes, of which the polyp could grow. It can be formed only in the channel body, however there it is almost impossible to identify, besides the symptoms of such a tumor gives no. So often the phrase "polyp pancreas" refers to a cyst, hemangioma, fibroma, lipoma, leiomyoma, neurinoma or schwannoma.

In General, a benign tumor is detected in the pancreas is extremely rare. According to statistics, these tumors diagnosed no more than 3 people out of a million.


Symptoms of polyp pancreas

Generally, all hormonal benign tumor on, in addition to cystic formations not give any symptoms.

They manifest themselves only as they reach an impressive size:

  • Due to pressure on adjacent organs, a person can experience pain. Their nature is constant, aching, sometimes they are able to grow by changing the position of the body;
  • Depending on where the tumor will vary the localization of the pain. If the tumor is in the body body, it hurts the top part of the stomach, if his head – an unpleasant sensation localized in the epigastrium, if the tail – sore left upper quadrant;
  • When there is pressure on the intestine can occur it obstruction.

Those tumors that produce hormones are able to exert a more radical effect on the body.

It all depends on what kind of hormone secreting neoplasm:

  • If there is excessive secretion of insulin, the patient is experiencingconstant weakness, suffers from excessive sweating. These patients are often irritable, they have bouts of tachycardia and dizziness;

  • If the tumor produces gastrin, that causes formation of multiple ulcers in the stomach and intestines. The patient has discomfort in the epigastric region. Pain can be quite intense. Besides there are heartburn, regurgitation of acidic contents, disturbed motility of the intestine. This causes failures in the process of digestion and diarrhea;

  • When excessive production of glucagon, the patient begins to rapidly lose weight, he is showing signs of anemia. The surface of the tongue becomes red and smooth. Body rash type of erythema migrans. More often it is localized in the groin area, hips and thighs. Affects the mucous membranes. Almost all patients with stomatitis or gingivitisin women – vaginitis. Diabetes is another symptom of the tumor that produce glucagon.

As for cysts of the pancreas, it can manifest itself in the following way:

All these symptoms are evident when education reaches impressive size. If the cyst is small, then it is possible to detect only by chance, during a routine ultrasound examination.


Causes polyp pancreas

There are certain factors that can influence the growth and development of tumors:

  • A genetic predisposition to the neoplastic process of the degeneration of the tissues;
  • Living in areas with unfavorable ecological conditions;
  • Commitment bad habits, particularly Smoking and alcohol abuse;
  • Inflammatory processes in the body. Most often, tumors develop on the background of chronic pancreatitis;

  • An improper diet. If the menu is dominated by fatty foods, lack of fiber,vitamins and minerals, it can lead to the formation of benign tumors of the pancreas. Irregular meals and overeating are triggers;

  • The appearance of tumor can trigger the injury of the body and internal bleeding as a result of various diseases.

Diagnosis of polyp pancreas

For cancer will require the passage of ultrasound. The direction of the patient gives the doctor-gastroenterologist. The disadvantage of this method of diagnosis is that it is not possible to visualize small tumors that produce hormones. So if you suspect a similar neoplasm of the pancreas it is advisable to go for MRI and CT. This will enable a more detailed survey of the authority.

In addition, can be performed scintigraphy and angiography. These methods are suitable in cases of suspected insuloma, gastrinoma and hemangiomas. In order to exclude the presence of atypical cells, it is necessary to conduct a biopsy with subsequent study of the material obtained.

Of laboratory diagnostic methods performed biochemical analysis of blood and determination of specific tumor markers, the levels of which cannot be upgraded.


Treatment of polyp pancreas

Get rid of benign tumors of the pancreas with the help of conservative methods do not succeed. The patient will require the passage of surgical treatment.

The type of surgical intervention can be as follows:

  • Enucleation. This procedure helps to relieve the patient from the surface of the body formations. However, their size should not exceed 20 mmand there should be no slightest risk of malignancy. To prevent bleeding, the method of electrocoagulation, and the tumor bed is available subject to a thorough closure. This treatment allows you to keep the body functioning;

  • Resection. This method of surgical intervention involves removal of a certain part of the body along with the available tumor. A similar operation is performed for tumors of large sizes and when theythe malignancy. Can be performed alone resection of the tail or head cancer, or pancreatoduodenal resection when additional removal shall be part of the duodenum;

  • Endovascular embolization of the arteries. The essence of the procedure is to ensure that overlap the blood vessels that feed existing tumors. The result is the death of tissue of the tumor. As the embolic material is a hydrogel or an occluder. This is a very effective and less traumatic method of treatment.

In the case where the patient found multiple benign and resection is not possible, the patient is prescribed symptomatic therapy. It will depend on which hormone is produced by the tumor. Often requires drugs that reduce the level of sugar in the blood. In this case, it is impossible to do without a supporting diet.

Of clinical nutrition should be discussed separately, as it will be necessary after undergoing surgery. To follow a strict diet need quite a long time and sometimes throughout life.

General nutrition guidelines:

  • You need to consume food in small portions, not less than 5 times a day. It is important to follow a diet and try to have Breakfast, lunch and dinner at the same time. This will allow to avoid excessive load on the body, so as to prepare it for the next meal;
  • The patient will need to refrain from fried and baked dishes. Possible cooking methods is boiling, braising or steaming;
  • For the first time after surgery food is ground up or boiled to a slimy condition;
  • You should abandon the consumption of canned food and meat products. As for the meat not processed, it must be low-fat varieties. It is advisable to consume poultry and fish.

Most often the patient is recommended to adhere to the dietary table at number five. To return to the previous menu will be possible only after the consultation with the doctor.

If the patient detected multiple gastrinoma, he shows drugs such as Omeprazole, Ranitidine, Famotidine. They are aimed at the elimination of gastric hypersecretion.

Effective prevention of the disease is absent. It is recommended can only be balanced diet and refraining from drinking alcohol. If you have symptoms of gastrointestinal disease should immediately seek medical advice.

As for the forecast for recovery, if detected earlybenign tumors of the pancreas it is often favorable. It is worth noting that such tumors are extremely rare malignant reborn. However, the risk of bowel obstruction or jaundice of a mechanical nature makes doctors recommend surgical removal of education.