Euonymus

Properties and applications of leaves, flowers and fruits of Euonymus

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Botanical characteristics of Euonymus

All kinds of Euonymus are allocated expressive openwork crown. In the spring and summer the leaves are dark green, they do not attract special attention. However, in autumn the bushes are "dressed"in beautiful outfits with colors that are plagued by all sorts of bright colors (yellow, white, pink, orange, red, purple, Carmine), they become a real decoration of reality. Sometimes a single leaf can be painted in 5-6 colors at the same time.

The genus Euonymus, with more than 220 species, includes evergreen and deciduous trees of small size, or shrubs. They are characterized with square or rounded sprouts on the side parts which are observed sometimes cork growths. The leaves are smooth, opposite.

The flowers are small, clustered, 4-5 in racemose, axillary many-flowered inflorescences that bloom after full deployment of the leaf. They are characterized by the presence of 4-5 sepals, 4-5 petals and 4-5 stamens, and a pistil with a three - or five-lobed ovary.

Fruiting Euonymus in the beginning or middle of autumn (September-October), the fruits are dry, leathery, usually chetyrehrogaja box, it can be spiny or winged. Inside the bolls are seeds of white, red or brown-black color, they are covered with fleshy tissue, called"prisemyannik". Depending on the type of Euonymus prisemyannik has a red, orange or red-brown color. Still not ripe boxes inconspicuous, they are characterized by pale green color, but ripen, they become very bright color.

Euonymus grows in the undergrowth of deciduous forests, likes damp, moist soil. It is acceptable for temperate and subtropical climate of both hemispheres, sometimes (but rarely) the plant is found in the tropics.

The beneficial properties of Euonymus

Euonymus is used in folk medicine. Medical raw materials are the branches, wood, fruits, leaves plants.

The wood contains carbohydrates, sucrose, pectin, cyclical dulcet, organic acids (malic, oxalic, citric, fumaric), tannins, antraglikozidy, steroids, vitamin C.

In the bark of the branches was identified carbohydrates and gutta-percha, antraglikozidy, tannins, higher fatty acids (linoleic, oleic, linolenic).

The leaves of the plant are found alkaloids, flavonoids, gutta, vitamin C.

The seeds also have useful properties: in their composition were found antraglikozidy, cardenolides, carbohydrates, vitamin C, fatty oil,acid.

Produces raw materials in small quantities.

The application of Euonymus

Euonymus is used only in folk medicine. Decoctions and infusions, prepared on its basis, is prescribed for severe headaches, nervous disorders. They have anti-nausea, laxative, antiparasitic, antiviral, anthelmintic, choleretic, spasmolytic.

Euonymus is assigned internally as decoctions, infusions and powders, and externally as compresses decoction.

Recommended preparations of Euonymus with headaches, constipation, vomiting, bronchitis, intestinal dysbiosis, hepatitis. It is an effective tool for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Wood plants prepare alcohol tincture, which is recommended for the treatment of hypertension (first and second stages).

The infusion made from fruits of the plant, increases the potency in men.

Preparations on the basis of Euonymus used in the practice of homeopaths.

The bark is used not only in folk medicine but also in the manufacture of artificial silk and staple fabrics. From prisiminimai produce a yellow dye. Seed oil is used in soap making.

Euonymus easily tolerates pruning and looks spectacular. That is why it is often used in landscape purposes as well as to design hedges.

Recipes of tinctures and decoctions of twigs and bark

A decoction of Euonymus. Need vzyat1 teaspoon of prepared raw materials (shredded bark of Euonymus warty) and pour two cups of water, then put the container on a slow fire and boil for 5 minutes, after which the broth should infuse for 1 hour. The resulting tool, do not forget to drain. Regimen: in diseases of the cardiovascular system in 1 tablespoon before meals 3 times daily; in constipation as a laxative – 1/2 Cup per day.

Tincture of Euonymus. For making alcohol tinctures is required to take the bark of Euonymus warty and 70% alcohol in a ratio of 1:10. Infuse the bark in the alcohol for 14 days. Scheme of reception: 6-8 drops (to drink water) 3 times a day. To make the tincture should be 2 weeks. It is assigned for hypertension.

Tincture of Euonymus. For its preparation you need to take 2 tablespoons of flowering twigs of Euonymus and fill themCup of boiling water. The infusion is recommended for external use to treat skin and nails affected by fungal diseases.

The leaves of Euonymus

The leaves of Euonymus are used to prepare medicinal decoctions and infusions.

Recipes infusions and decoctions of the leaves

Recipe No. 1. Take 1 tablespoon of the prepared raw material (dried crushed leaves of Euonymus warty) and pour 1 Cup of boiled water. Put the composition on the fire and boil for 3-4 minutes, after which it take you two hours to insist. Strain the resulting tool. Regimen: take with ascites as a diuretic 1 tablespoon 2-3 times a day.

Recipe №2. Take 5 tablespoons of the prepared raw material (dried crushed leaves of Euonymus warty) and pour 1 liter of boiled water. Leave for two hours, strain. This infusion is used as insecticidal agents.

Flowers of Euonymus

Flowers of Euonymus tatty and very small. They are painted in a very pale brown or greenish tones. Flowers in groups of 4-5 pieces in axillary many-flowered racemose or corymbose inflorescences. They consist of sepals (4-5 PCs.), petals and stamens (4-5 pieces) and a pistil with three to five-lobed ovary.

The fruits of Euonymus

The fruits of Euonymus are dry, leathery, usually chetyrehstennoy box that can be spiny or winged. Inside the bolls are seeds of white, red or brown-black color, they are covered with fleshy tissue, called "prisemyannik". In September the fruits dramatically change your appearance and become extremely bright color, thanks to which the plant is highly valued in ornamental culture. Depending on the type of Euonymus color will be yellow, scarlet, pink, crimson, maroon, or dark purple.

On a background of green, inconspicuous leaves and bright, colorful fruits look expressive and edgy.

Euonymus europaeus

Euonymus europaeus is popularly known as "Bishop's cap"or"tea tree".

Euonymus is a shrub which reaches the height of 2-3 meters. Its stems are quadrangular, the leaves are simple, large, have the shape of an ellipse, they are slightly leathery, dark-green color. In the beginning or middle of autumn the leaves become a bright, beautiful shades of red tones.

The flowers are small, greenish. It is because they ripen the fruits of the plant, which is a four-box a yellowish-red color. Seedspoisonous.

Euonymus europaeus is found in all European countries, growing on roadsides, slopes and forest edges. This beautiful plant, and it is often used as an ornamental shrub in parks and gardens.

Euonymus europaeus is a plant with healing powers. For procurement of medicinal raw materials used in all parts of the plant. In their composition contains alkaloids, digitality and bitterness.

Infusions prepared from fruits of plants, is an effective tool in the treatment of malaria, their prescribed for constipation and also for stimulation of sexual activity.

Extracts and powders from the leaves is recommended as an effective anthelminthic (internally) and with the scab, the itch, when dealing with head lice and nits (externally).

Japanese Euonymus

Japanese Euonymus (the second name – "pseudolus") is an evergreen shrub, which reaches a height of not more than 1.5 meters. Its leaves differ in shape obovate, sometimes there are specimens with leaves narrow elliptical shape. Leaf length is 3-8 cm, leathery they are, sometimes shiny on top, dark green, glabrous on both sides. The top sheet is rounded. The flowers are small (up to 1cm), yellowish-green. Inflorescences are collected at 10-30 units per umbrella. Flowering occurs in June.

Japanese Euonymus is applied in the culture room, known for its decorative shape. The plant stands up well to the conditions of the unheated space, like a cool environment. The apartment has heating in winter Euonymus can reset the leaves.

In essence, the Japanese Euonymus is a small-leaved shrub, which is characterized by extensive rare bushes. In order to get a beautiful, lush specimens, it is necessary to make repeated pruning in the spring and autumn period.

Japanese Euonymus grows slowly but constantly. Its lower leaves are very vulnerable, so to keep them in the dense Bush, it is recommended to plant the plant in the nutrient, water-retaining potting mix.

Euonymus Fortune

Euonymus Fortune is an evergreen prostrate shrub, which reaches a height of 30 cm in the open areas and two meters in the most favorable climatic conditions with the presence of a support. The leaves are simple, opposite, 2.5–4 cm, with short petioles, green.

In the middle zone of Russia loversflowers difficult to grow this plant.

In southern regions it is more common blooms inconspicuous, greenish-yellow flowers. Likes sunlight, does not tolerate cold, frosting, however, is quickly restored in the summer.

Given the unfavorable conditions for Russian growth of Euonymus Fortune, it is considered to be an expressive element of the exotic in the garden. Especially beautiful it goes well with conifers and shrubs, creating around them a colorful rug.

Euonymus Fortune with long used traditional healers for medicinal purposes and also as a natural dye.

Warty Euonymus

Warty Euonymus is a shrub from 1 to 2.5 m, it is distinguished by densely covered with black-brown warts branches cylindrical shape. The leaves are opposite, oval, short-petiolate, pointed at the end, top-to – yellow-green, bottom – a few shades lighter.

The flowers are small (up to 1 cm in diameter), chetyrehkantnye, on long axillary peduncles, collected 3-5 units in semiumbels.

The fruit is a four-bladed box is dark red, is pear-shaped, laid up a flattened form, when ripe, is disclosed.

Seeds black, shiny, hanging down. They are covered in bright red prisemyannikom.

Flowering plants occurs from mid-may to mid-June, and ripening in September.

Euonymus warty medicinal plant. For procurement of medicinal raw material use wood, leaves, branches, fruits that contain carbohydrates and related compounds, organic acids, fatty acids, antraglikozidy, vitamin C, tannins, flavonoids.

Infusions and decoctions of warty Euonymus is recommended for the treatment of several diseases: hypertensive bolezni of stages I and II, nervous disorders, headaches, chronic constipation, prostatitis, ascites, and also as antiparasitic funds.

Euonymus room

The family bereskleta there are more than 120 species of plants, but for growing Euonymus indoors only fit two kinds is the Japanese Euonymus (Euonymus japonicus) and rooting Euonymus (Euonymus radicans).

Euonymus is a photophilous plant. In the summer it is recommended to put it in the sun, but be sure to protect from direct sunlight.

In winter, the plant requires coolness, otherwise it may lose leaves.

Pour room types of Euonymus 2-3 times a week, in winter less frequently. In summer in hot days it is advisable to spray Euonymus water.

Transplant young plants are 1 year old – 1 time in 3 years.

The winged Euonymus

The winged Euonymus is a deciduous shrub with a distinctive, broadly spreading, dense, branching crown. Tall shrub reaches 2-4 m. they grow in width, increasing in breadth 15 cm

The roots of the plants are thin branched, due to the surface location and the subtleties they are sensitive to mechanical damage and soil compaction.

Euonymus blooms in may and June, it is characterized by small, yellowish-green flowers.

In the autumn Bush dramatically changes its color due to ripening, leathery four-sided boxes and is bright Carmine-red or purplish-red color.

The birthplace of the winged Euonymus, Japan, Manchuria, Central China. Growing this kind in light forests and in shrubby thickets.

Fruit bereskleta poisonous.

The plant easily tolerates pruning and transplant process, but requires regular fertilizer.

The winged Euonymus, looks very effectively as a clipped hedge, blends in well with tree and shrub compositions. This shrub can create all kinds of shapes, which certainly gives the landscape a special luster and originality.

Euonymus dwarf

Euonymus is a dwarf evergreen shrub, its stems creeping, root easily and give a lot of shoots. Plant height is not more than 30 cm Euonymus Leaves alternate, opposite, sometimes in the upper part of the shoots can be whorled. Leaves for this kind of characteristic wedge shape. They are leathery, painted in bright green, glaucous below.

Flowers small, 5-7 mm in diameter, have four petals greenish or red-brown color. The fruit is a four-box yellow or pink. The seeds are covered with half orange prisemyannikom. Flowering occurs in July. Ripening in September.

Euonymus dwarf is found in Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, in the Crimea and in the Caucasus.

Used as ornamental plants. It helps to create a beautiful curtain, he can easily tolerate a haircut, used to design low curbs.

Contraindications to the use of Euonymus

Euonymus is a toxic plant, therefore its use requires special care and caution. Overdose can cause enteritis with hemorrhagic syndrome (inflammation of the small intestine), slow pulse, nausea, vomiting.

Do not use this Euonymus in pregnancy, congestive heart failure, in disease of the aorticvalve, bradycardia, decompensated coronary heart failure.