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The mitochondria is the key to eternal youth

Scientists found out how a low-calorie diet can increase life expectancy. However, in order to enable the cellular mechanism responsible for this function does not have to starve.

About the middle of last century we found out, eating a low calorie diet can significantly increase the life expectancy of various animals, from single-celled to primates. At the same time, what is the reason of this phenomenon that is at the cellular level was not studied. American microbiologists have conducted studies that showed the clue is in changes in the operation of mitochondria, stimulated by a low calorie diet.

Mitochondria – cell organoid, which is responsible for cellular respiration, whereby energy is released or stored in a easily used form adenozintrifosfornoy acid (ATP)

There are two enzymes that can mobilize the mitochondria called "energy factories"in cells for hard times. To identify this enzyme is able to scientists from Harvard, Cornell and the us National Institute of health under the leadership of Harvard Professor David Sinclair. This allows the cells to prolong life and not let her die.

For longevity of the cells are very important enzymes SIRT3 and SIRT4, they are also related to enzymes SIRT1 iSIRT2. In the journal Cell, in the latest issue, the scientists wrote that low calorie food helps to activate the protein encoded by the gene HENCE promoting the saturation of the mitochondria of molecules of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is one of the most important energy carrier in the cell.

According to scientists it is the OVER abundance makes it possible to fully exploit coded by SIRT3 and SIRT4,"enzyme of youth"mitochondria, instead of the normal extinction of the activities of organelles, which necessarily lead to death of the cells, mitochondria not only restore performance, but work on much more productive than before.

Mitochondria strenuously to produce energy and hard to give, it not just slows down the aging process of cells and simply turns off the natural process of suicide of old cells.

In addition, Sinclair and his colleagues found that a period of time to compensate for the lack of the remaining sources of life in a cage, just enough to activate the mitochondria. In such cases when the nucleus of the cell is not healthy, the cell must die, but the suicide mechanism does not work.


However, scientists are still not clear how mitochondria inhibit cell death. But the name for this process, scientists still gave the"mitochondrial oasis Hypothesis"in non-viable cell.

As Sinclair argues, through the provision of the genes SIRT3 and SIRT4 were given the opportunity to understand, due to which low-calorie diet prolongs life, again, will help us to develop a drug to prevent a disease, the cause of which is premature aging of cells."We imagine a molecule that increases the production OVER, or even themselves coded by SIRT3 and SIRT4 directly, in the cells," said Sinclair. Mitochondrial aspects of the work of cells needed to treat major diseases such as cancer and diabetes - it was found before.

Today, such medicines don't exist yet. But the man doesn't need to torture yourself with hunger, of course according to the theory it extends the life of our cells (it is worth noting that on humans, such studies have not been conducted), however, can seriously disrupt the normal course of metabolism in humans, which can lead to dangerous consequences.


There is an alternative: fitness and exercise

Physical activity can stimulate the production of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, as well as a low-calorie diet, this confirms the results of the research of Sinclair and his team. You should still exercise, do chin-UPS and thereby extend the life of your cells.