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Adenovirus infection

Causes and symptoms of adenovirus infection


What is adenovirus infection?

Adenovirus infection belongs to a group of SARS. The disease is accompanied by the defeat of lymphoid tissue and mucous membranes of the respiratory system, eyes, intestines, and moderate symptoms of intoxication.


Causes of adenovirus infection

Disease virus contains a double-stranded DNA that is covered with a capsid that helps the pathogen to be relatively stable in the environment at low temperatures and drying at room temperature the virus remains active up to two weeks. The pathogen also exhibits resistance to ether, chloroform, soap solution, i.e. an alkaline environment, killed by boiling and exposure to disinfectants. The virus consists of three pathogenic factors (antigens) (AG): "A", "b"and"C", which recites several varieties. Different combinations of individual factors make possible the existence of about 90 serovars, or variations of the same adenoviral virona, of which about six are dangerous to humans.

The source of infection is a sick man: it secretes into the environment a virus with mucus of the nose and throat, and in the later stages of the disease – and even faeces. There is a possibility of infection from the virus carriers, which are about 95 % of the population. Route of infection is considered airborne and fecal-oral. Maximum susceptibility to manifest disease in children ages 6 months to 5 years, during breastfeeding kids under the age of three months have a passive nonspecific immunity. For lesions characteristic of epidemic outbreaks in the cold season due to reduction of protective forces of an organism.

The symptoms of adenovirus infection

The incubation period of the disease begins with the penetration of the pathogen into epithelial cells of the mucous membranes and lasts from 1 to 13 days. At this time, the virus attaches to cells and is embedded in their core, induces the production of DNA of the pathogen due to suppression of cellular DNA, at the next stage, the affected cell dies. After maturation of the virus and the formation of a Mature of the pathogen starts with a prodromal period that accompanies all SARS. The disease lasts from 10 to 15 days. A characteristic feature of adenovirus infection is the organ in sequence: nose, tonsils,pharynx, trachea, bronchi, conjunctiva, cornea, mucous membrane of the intestine. Also consistently replacing each other, and the symptoms of adenovirus infection. At the initial stage, the disease can occur acutely or be characterized by gradual development of symptoms, depending on the condition of the protective forces of the body. At the initial stage, the symptoms of intoxication, for the second and third day the characteristic rise in body temperature to high values, the swelling of the nasal mucosa, nasal discharge serous, then mucous and purulent character. The tonsils turn red, they get a point whitish plaque increase in size of the submandibular and cervical lymph nodes. Next is the affection of the organs of the upper respiratory tract: pharynx, trachea, bronchi, develops laringofaringit, then with bronchitis. The symptoms of adenovirus infection, thus appear in a specific order and are characterized by hoarseness, dry cough, which comes wet. Marked wheezing, not disappearing after coughing and accompanying inhale and exhale. Over time, patients begin to have trouble with shortness of breath, which involved the muscles of the intercostal spaces. Upon examination, marked cyanosis in the region of nasolabial triangle, indicating involvement in the pathological process of the cardiovascular system. Pronounced symptoms of the disease are most characteristic for children of younger age, because of the contrary too reactive response of the lung tissue. With the spread of infectious process in the conjunctiva and cornea keratoconjunctivitis starts, which is accompanied by pain in the eyes, copious tearing, redness and swelling of the mucous membrane of the conjunctiva, sclera inheirantly. Also common is the formation of films on the conjunctival membrane. With the involvement in the pathological process of the intestinal mucosa occurs a hyperplasia of its lymphoid tissue, enlarged lymph nodes in the intestines, which is accompanied by pain in the navel area wearing paroxysmal in nature, and pain in the right iliac region. Patients concerned about a disruption of the functioning of the intestine.


Treatment of adenovirus infection

Treatment of adenovirus infection requires a causal treatment. Of drugs recommended the use of Arbidol, ribavirin, kontrikala (gordox), oxolinic ointment, bonafton, locteron, deoxyribonuclease in the form of ointments or eye drops.Also shown immunomodulators and Immunostimulants. When you join secondary infection is recommended antibiotics; topical antibiotics in the form of aerosols, tablets and rinses can be applied at the stage of intake of antiviral medications. Under symptomatic therapy are appointed by the saline solutions, vasoconstrictors, antitussives, inhalation solutions, etc.