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Hemorrhagic cystitis

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Hemorrhagic cystitis is a type of cystitis in which there is inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder wall and in secreted fluids blood appears.

The presence of blood due to the fact that there is a deep lesion of the walls of the body, injury to its vascular network. This is a serious disease that requires skilled medical care.

With regard to statistics, the disease most often affects people with weakened immune systems. The risk group includes children and the elderly.

It was from hemorrhagic cystitis often suffer older men with BPH, although cystitis is considered a predominantly female disease.


Symptoms of hemorrhagic cystitis

The disease is accompanied by the following symptoms:

  • Complex dysuric symptoms, including: frequent urination, pain during urine output. The patient has difficulty, as the walls of the bladder are irritated and inflamed and even slight replenishment of its urine makes you want to go to the toilet. The urges are often false, either secreted a drop of urine.
  • The staining of urine in pink, dirty brown, or red color, due to deep lesions of the walls of the body and the blood in the secreted fluid. In advanced stages of hemorrhagic cystitis in the urine can be detected in whole blood clots.

  • If pathology is observed for a long period of time, then the patient will start to suffer from iron deficiency anemia. Joins weakness, fatigue, observed dizziness, shortness of breath and paleness.

  • Urine has a fetid smell.
  • Pain and discomfort in the lower abdomen, localized in the suprapubic region.

  • When blockage of the urinary tract a blood clot, the patient feels that the body is full, but emptying it can. The bladder continues to fill and stretch. For a maximum of three days if not given proper treatment, developsuremia.

  • Often there is a fever to high values observed chills and General weakness.

Causes of hemorrhagic cystitis

Among the reasons leading to the development of the disease, decided to allocate:

  • Viruses: the adenovirus, a cytomegalovirus, a herpes virus, polyomaviruses. Less likely to this form of cystitis causes E. coli, bacteria and fungi.

  • Taking some medicines from the group of cytostatics.
  • Exposure of the body, for example, in the treatment of neoplastic processes.
  • Long, deliberate retention of urine, which leads to the stretching of the body and the violation of its blood supply.

  • Any mechanical impediment to the natural current of urine. It may be cancer, inflammation of the surrounding tissues, reducing the lumen of the urethra.

  • Reduced ability of muscle of the body wall to reduce what is often called neurogenic problems.
  • The ingress of a foreign body in the urethra and trauma.
  • Swelling of the body and its decay.
  • The lack of skills of personal hygiene and introduction of harmful germs into the bladder.

  • Reduction of immune forces of the body, often seen with diabetes, diseases of the thyroid gland during menopause in women, during pregnancy and after delivery and also during HIV infection.

Diagnosis of hemorrhagic cystitis

In order to establish the diagnosis, the patient will need to undergo the following procedures:

  • Blood for General analysis;
  • The delivery of urine for General analysis;
  • The delivery of urine cultures done;
  • Ultrasonography of organs located in the pelvis;
  • By appointment – cystography, cystoscopy and urography.

So careful diagnosis is required to differentiate hemorrhagic cystitis from tumor, and to exclude the presence of stones and trauma to the urinary system. After all, under such conditions there is often blood in the urine.


Treatment of hemorrhagic cystitis

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Depending on the condition of the patient, the treatment is carried out either in hospital or at home. The patient is prescribed bed rest, compliance with sparing diet and reception of drugs, depending on what was the cause of the disease.

  • Antibiotics. If cystitis blood provoked a bacteria that will prescribed antibiotics. This can be either monural, or ciprofloxacin. In addition, used drugs from the group of cephalosporins, penicillins and so the Final choice depends on the results of bacteriological urine culture.
  • If there are signs of iron deficiency anemia, it shows the iron supplementation. It can be sorbifer Durules, Ferum-Lac and others.
  • To reduce blood loss patients are prescribed traneksamova or alpha-aminocaproic acid, etamzilat, calcium Supplement, Menadione, Askorutin.

  • The treatment of the disease is not possible without dieting. It promotes regeneration of damaged tissues, provides the necessary strength to the body to fight inflammation. To drink the patient should not less than 2.5 liters of water. Contraindicated alcohol and sweet aerated water. The best drinks are pure water, green and herbal teas, juices and fruit drinks from the berries. (Read more about diet cystitis – what is and what is not?) In addition, it is scientifically proven that helps to reduce inflammation, neutralize some of the bacteria and to reduce pain cranberry and cranberry juice.

The menu should prevail foods of plant origin, they make the composition more alkaline urine, which also helps fight bacteria. Under the ban gets salted, smoked, spicy and fried foods.

To treat hemorrhagic cystitis alone is unacceptable, the disease is fraught with formidable complications, including: infection of the pelvic organs, lower urinary tract obstruction, the development of severe anemia and anoxia of the whole body. If chronicization process, the therapy will be long and difficult. Therefore, when the first signs of illness, you must contact your doctor.