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Infectious cystitis

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Infective cystitis is an inflammatory disease of the bladdercaused by microorganisms that are normally absent in the cavity of the body.

Occurs most often this pathology on the background of already existing sexually transmitted infection, as a complication. Therefore, it is often co-diagnosed with "infectious cystitis" you will find a number of other diseases. This can be urethritis, vulvovaginitis, cervicitis etc.

Sick more often women. According to statistics, once in a lifetime with this form of the disease encountered, up to 20% of people.


The symptoms of infectious cystitis

The symptoms are typical of any cystitis.

Often, inflammation occurs acutely, is accompanied by the following signs:

  • The occurrence of pain during release of urine.
  • Frequent urge to empty the diseased organ. The liquid leaves small portions or even drops.
  • The patient feels that the bladder is not emptied completely.
  • The urine has an unpleasant smell, can change its color. If the emitted fluid is present in the blood, it becomes pinkish color.
  • In the abdomen there pain. They are often aching, worse during a visit to the toilet.
  • The patient feels a sense of weakness, are suffering from lack of sleep. This is due to the fact that the urge to empty the bladder does not stop at night.
  • Women often have painful sensations during intimacy. This condition is called dyspareunia.

Causes of infectious cystitis

The cause of the disease is the penetration of the pathogen. They fall into the cavity of the body through urethra. Can also be the result of descending infection and get into a healthy bladder from inflammation of the kidneys. Also pathological agents sometimes penetrate into the body through the lymphatic ducts or the bloodstream, their source – the infected organ or system of organs.

The most frequent culprits of disease development:

  • E. coli, which enters the body from the rectum as a result of improperhygiene, due to hypothermia, disease, etc. Among other bacteria that can cause disease are isolated Proteus, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus and others.

  • Gonococci cause the development of inflammation in the case of a woman infected with gonorrhea. The signs of cystitis blurred and appear mainly in the dysuric disorders with cervicitis.
  • Infection. When infection with Trichomonas, chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma is a violation of urination. While dysuric disorders are often signs of cystitis and urethritis or cervicitis.

  • Viruses. Most often, to the development of diseases cause viruses herpes, polyomavirus and adenoviruses. Such infectious cystitis occur predominantly in childhood. Suffer from viral cystitis people with immunodeficiency.

  • Mushrooms. Fungi of the genus Candida, Blastomyces, actinomycetes and some other mycotic infectious agents cause disease with acquired immunodeficiency.
  • Tuberculous cystitis occurs when infection of kidney or genitals.

If the human body healthy, one hit of an infectious agent into the cavity of the bladder is often not enough. The mucous membrane of the body is quite resistant to the penetration of microorganisms. For the negative effects often need additional factors.

These may be:

  • Reduction of immune forces of organism;
  • Exacerbation of chronic diseases;
  • Diseases of the vagina and intestines with a change in their microflora.
  • Low production of estrogen;
  • Illiterate contraception;
  • Inflammatory diseases of organs located in the pelvis;
  • Frequent constipation etc.

All these factors lead to the fact that the structure of the bladder is changed. It becomes more friable, which means infection is easier to get into the deep tissues of the body.

Treatment of infectious cystitis

To get rid ofthe disease will require treatment using medicines. Often the therapy does not require hospitalization and is performed in outpatient conditions. In uncomplicated infection it is enough for a three-day course.

For therapy, the following drugs:

  • Co-trimoxazole
  • Fluoroquinolones, fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin.
  • Ciprofloxacin, Gatifloxacin, levofloxacin.
  • Amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid.

When there is a complicated infectious disease, it is necessary to conduct bacteriological tests. Pending the results, the patient treated with Co-trimoxazole, if the pathogen gives the sensitivity for this tool.

If a woman has two and more relapses in the year, it is necessary to abandon the use of contraceptives with spermicides. This is because they disrupt the vaginal flora, increasing the risk of infection of the bladder.

If a woman is postmenopausal, then as a prevention, she recommended using vaginal candles with estrogen. In addition, doctors are selected immunostimulatory drugs that help to reduce the frequency of relapses of the disease.

The effect of treatment will be reduced if a woman does not adhere to a special diet. It boils down to from the menu that eliminates all sharp, sour, and spicy dishes. Shall be predominant plant foods and dairy products. It is important to drink plenty of liquids. The emphasis should be on mineral water without gas, clean running water, berry fruit drinks. No treatment during alcohol consumption. (Read more about diet cystitis – what is and what is not?)

The prognosis for recovery is favorable, if was properly and timely removed the pathogen. Otherwise, the disease can cause serious complications, such as: the transition of the disease into a chronic form, the penetration of infection in the kidneys, development of pyelonephritis. Each of these States requires a more serious treatment, which will be several times more than a three-day course in uncomplicated cystitis.