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Seborrheic dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis in adults and children


Description of the disease

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Seborrheic dermatitis – one of the varieties of inflammation of the skin. There is another name for this disease is seborrheic eczema. In this state, statistically, more likely to be young people. The peak age of 40 years. But there are patients who are 1 year and 25 years. Most at risk are men. There are times when the appearance of seborrheic dermatitis was justified by the pronounced geographical features, and researchers are trying to link it to climate and racial conditions.

Seborrheic dermatitis affects the skin of the scalp, the epidermis of the face. The cause of excessive colonization of the cells of the fungus malassezia furfur. They fit the localization of the sebaceous glands. Usually they are formed in certain areas:

  • head
  • nose,
  • forehead
  • on the sternum,
  • interscapular area.

It is believed that the sebaceous glands are the source of development of seborrheic dermatitis. The term "seborrhea" means salticidae. In the secretions of the sebaceous glands are mainly represented fatty acids, cholesterol, carbohydrates, high-molecular alcohols. A small percentage of the vitamins, salts, hormones, bactericidal substances. When the body of excreted sebum at the same time takes stock of toxins, antibiotics, compounds of iodine, bromine, salicylic acid and several other drugs.

Only required to on the surface of human skin stood out to 4-5 g. the usual sebum. It with then it creates a thin water-lipid layer. It serves to protect skin and hair from drying out, their elasticity is increased, the antibacterial properties are activated. 5-7 days is enough to have antibacterial properties ceased to operate, the fats on the surface begins to decompose, and because of the appearance of their degradation products, itching, skin startssuffer from sensations of irritation.

In the composition of sebum are also free and bound fatty acids, proteins, nucleotides. This is the best environment for the emergence of microbes that also live and leave the decay products. This creates a certain amount of free fatty acids, which are irritating and comedogenic action. Comedones appear because of the excessive amount of sebum. It can not timely removed from the surface of the skin, and the pores are closed.

For control of the sebaceous glands respond to the hormone organs:

  • pituitary
  • the sex glands,
  • adrenal
  • endocrine and nervous systems.

There are two types of seborrhea – oily and dry. Fat is more likely to occur when the time of puberty. There is no doubt that on the epidermis badly affects the emission of electromagnetic properties, stress. Because of these effects, changes in chemical composition, texture, and secretion of lipids, i.e., to eliminate sebum from the pores of hormone-dependent glands.

In the development of seborrhea participate staphylococci, streptococci and other bacteria in the excretory ducts of glands. Complicates the symptoms in some types of diseases are:

  • Gastrointestinal tract,
  • chronic infections
  • caries

A pronounced manifestation of the disease are acne. It is easy to determine a disease state of hair. Hair seems similar to glued, if the patient is suffering from oily seborrhea. Visible Shine, regardless of the number of washing, formed sticky strands, much fall out. The frequent result of this disease is alopecia. Liquid seborrhea usually occurs without adverse symptoms. When it reaches 25 years of secretion of the sebaceous glands begin to come to normal.

Dry (thick) seborrhea pronounced in such manifestation, as the decline in the secretion of sebum. The output of fat on the surface is significantly more difficult. Begin to develop complications. These include education:

Sometimes mixed forms of seborrhea. Then the signs of dry and oily varieties of the disease are mixed, occur simultaneously.


The symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis

The symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis are easy to learn. Have dandruff there are many adverse effects. In particular, it often indicates seborrheic dermatitis. At times it is its initial stage. But still one hundred percent the relationship is not established. There are other symptoms manifesting:

  • itching,

  • skin irritation,
  • redness of the face,
  • scales white or yellow,
  • peeling,
  • rash, acne,
  • pain, increased sensitivity of the skin.

The combination of visible fat scales dirty yellow color with the formation of exsudate creates a crust, and under them you can discover red weeping skin. Often in the affected area are the eyebrows, creases near nose and lips. The more worsens the condition of perifollicular erythema, the more "Islands"with the peeling. They form pockets with visible and clear boundaries, they are painted matte red, top – to- greasy scales. You can find more of these sites, it is also found diffuse lesions covering the scalp when an infection of the dermatitis is distributed under the frontal hair line, you can identify the"classic crown".

When scratching with secondary infection can develop severe eczema. In this case, a considerable exudation accompanied by the formation of crusts. Due to re-infection spread inflammatory changes, the development of pustules.

Often show signs of blepharitis is a related disease seborrheic dermatitis. Simultaneously, the edges of the eyelid to create a small crust. When they separated, after they left scars. Accompanied by destruction of individual eyelashes.

At the same time with seborrheic dermatitis, the skin behind the ear regions strongly susceptible to develops when the scalp. for behind-the crease of the crust formed, with them flaking matte red color is distributed on the scalp, the back surface of the auricle. These spillovers capture the ear, the region of the external auditory canal.

Simultaneously with the fashion for beards in different countries have experienced epidemics of the corresponding dermatitis. Erythema with greasy peeling is especially pronounced on the cheeks. Chin shaved skin is often covered with superficial folliculitis ("hair" kind of rash). There are occasions when infection of the follicles becomes a favorable factor for aggravation of sycosis, is also leaving scars.


Causes of seborrheic dermatitis

Causes seborrheic dermatitis is still not revealed. Great attention is paid to genetic factors, often combined with symptoms of the disease. In medicine there are different symptoms that also occur different. Manifestations of the disease in infants is associated with the activity of the sebaceous glands, which are based on the androgens of the mother. People young and tender age, the level of activity of the sebaceous glands is able to revive, when endogenous androgen.

Often on the background of seborrheic dermatitis production of sebaceous secretion is lowered. But free fatty acids in the epidermis that as well as squalene, esters of wax. A little more in the body triglycerides, cholesterol. Statistics seborrheic dermatitis increases with parkinsonism.

Professionals looking for relationships with disease development and activity of yeasts, the respective bacteria. But certain results are not achieved. There was contact with secondary bacterial infection. Also failed to find evidence for an autoimmune mechanism of the disease. Frequently allocated contributing factors such as stress.

This fungus like malassezia furfur, is almost all people. But not all are infected with this disease. For the development and growth of fungus have many conditions:

  • malnutrition
  • bad habits
  • hereditary components of sebum,
  • the course of hormonal changes

etc. These conditions are bad for the body, but for the development of the fungus is enough. It develops, grows, and subsequently causes disease. At a young age increases the level of hormones, the sebaceous glands begin to affect the health of the body, and the risk of disease is growing significantly.

Seborrheic dermatitis on the face

Seborrheic dermatitis on the face is becoming widespread. It is easy to identify because on the face formed by the accumulation of blackheads, with a strong sense of itching. When the case is particularly serious – skin deteriorates not only on the face but also on areas behind the ears. If time does not begin to deal with the disease, the peeling can be intensified, the surface of the scales begin to garnet, they thicken and turn yellow, it is a warning about re-infection.

Often seborrheic dermatitis on the face applies to adolescents when starting puberty. With the normalization of sebum skin effects stop. But in many cases are beneficial factors. Most often the disease develops in patientsmale.

The disease is considered a cutaneous, but its manifestations are quite painful. Sebaceous glands margin seborrhea changes its chemical composition when compared with healthy people. The disease occurs due to fungus, when disrupted livelihoods infections, resulting in attendant problems.

In adolescents the disease seborrheic dermatitis on the face appears as a result of hormonal changes in the body. Adults begin to get sick the next reasons:

  • Poor nutrition.
  • Infection of different species.
  • Overly starchy and fatty foods.
  • Problems of the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Disorder of the thyroid gland.
  • A lack of vitamins.

Sometimes it is enough to exclude from the menu of dangerous products:

  • seasoning
  • pickles,
  • chocolate.

All of them are Energizer, the production of sebum.

In the treatment of this type of seborrheic dermatitis topically applied corticosteroids. You need to consult a doctor to avoid atrophy of the skin.

Improving the health of patients with seborrheic dermatitis particularly noticeable in the summer. In the winter, along with the decline of the immune system and decreasing the right amount of immunity, a noticeable deterioration.


Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp

Seborrheic dermatitis scalp – a special kind of disease, recurrent chronic form, accompanied by the appearance on the skin of the head of particular symptoms. In particular, where on the head grow hair, grow erythematous-squamous and follicular papular-squamous types of rashes. Medical statistics announce: most often the disease affects 3 to 5 percent of the population, especially people 18-40 years old. In children seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp are very rare. It is believed that this is due to the flow separation of the skin fat in different age groups.

Causes of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp lie in abnormal development of lipophilic yeast fungus Malassezia furfur. This is the name of the scientist who is credited with the theorem proof in 1874 on the etiology of the fungal basis of this disease. If the body is sufficiently activated the immune system of both local and General values, the mushrooms remain in the spore state. When certain conditions are created – they begin to actively proliferate and grow. In the background are the violation of the barrier function of the epidermis, increased separation of sebum.

Giperaktiwatia fungal microfloradeveloping the next factors:

  • disease in the endocrine system;
  • hormonal disruptions, whatever their causes;
  • disorder of the nervous system;
  • the weakening of the immune defense;
  • emotional or stress;
  • undue physical exertion;
  • the change in climatic zones.

Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp is complex. Its tasks is the elimination of symptoms, correction of ailments, which are often the root cause of discuss skin diseases.

Necessarily prescribed a strict diet. The patient should follow a special hypoallergenic diet. The diet is based on foods that are high in zinc, vitamins A, B, C, selenium. While the disease does not weaken, you will need to use a special shampoo. They are produced for medical purposes and they are based on keratolytic components, zinc and substances that help eliminate excess sebum.
In local procedure is usually carried out etiotropic therapy of seborrheic dermatitis. It involves the use of antifungal drugs, whose base - nizoral and miconazole. If the layer of scales has become very dense, you should first make compresses which are the Foundation of vegetable oil and a keratolytic ointment. Also shown are physiotherapy:

  • cryomassage;
  • procedure darsonvalization;
  • UV therapy.

Seborrheic dermatitis in children

Seborrheic dermatitis in children – a disease class infection of the skin. Symptoms change, depending on the child's affected skin. If the lesion turned out to be a person, you can diagnose dry and oily seborrheic dermatitis. Signs of this disease are usually:

  • peeling of the skin;
  • redness at the places of growth of eyelashes and eyebrows;
  • the appearance of flakes around the nose and cheeks;
  • there is a strong itching and pain, where there are lesions.

Greasy seborrheic dermatitis in children is accompanied by copious amounts of fat. Children's skin disease on my face is localized at the nasolabial folds. The dry kind is manifested, on the contrary, drying out the skin. As a result, she starts to peel off, and this phenomenon is very difficult to get rid of.

Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp of the child leads to hair loss. In children, the disease causes characteristic symptoms, such as diarrhea. Thispatients the area affected is very large.

Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis in children requires a holistic method. It is not enough only medical intervention. You will need a special diet. The child is not eating regular foods. In particular, babies need milk with a special composition. Need to it was the vitamins of different groups, especially A, C, V. Also, as adults, we need selenium and zinc. Excessive dose products to their content for kids dangerous complications. More adult children to stick to their diets as adults. Can be assigned to a medical shampoos – if seborrheic dermatitis was struck by the scalp.

How to cure seborrheic dermatitis?

How to cure seborrheic dermatitis? A specially designed system. Prescribe medicines that are necessary for the normalization of the nervous system, and also healing the digestive tract. During the treatment you need to process the affected skin soda. Also apply salicylic or boric acid, diluted to a weak solution. At the same time, the necessary ultraviolet therapy.

Not made of modern and effective drugs that normalize the condition of the sebaceous glands. When the treatment creates a focus on the correction of the selected marked symptom. When you need to remove the localization in the hairy area of the head, administered antifungal therapy. This helps the shampoo which include substances:

  • ketoconazole,
  • ciclopirox,
  • piriton zinc
  • tar.

These tasks corresponds to a number of shampoos, such as:

  • "Sebozol",
  • "Skin-Cap",
  • "Keto Plus",
  • "Nizoral".

To cure seborrheic dermatitis in the acute stage, required their daily use. The course can only be interrupted with the obvious reduction in symptoms. If there is inefficiency or reduction of the treatment in one application of shampoo, you may swap it for another.

Seborrheic dermatitis on the face requires a special approach. Very often, doctors recommend this drug as ketoconazole. This substance is perfectly slows and stops the growth of clusters of fungal bacteria. Experience patients confirmed its effectiveness. It should be applied on the skin, a sort of foam. The procedure should last three minutes, then the mixture is washed. There are cases of small lesions. Then prescribed ketoconazole (cream, 2%). If the case is particularlycomplicated, then prescribed hydrocortisone.

Seborrheic dermatitis, whose place of emergence - back and chest, should be treated by shampoos. In addition, prescribed drugs with antifungal activity, immunomodulators.

Well designed appropriate section in folk medicine, is also devoted to the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. Good antifungal remedy is tea tree oil. But it is not good to fight inflammation. Popular decoctions of herbs that are used to moisten bandages on his head. With their help, make lotions that weaken the inflammatory process.

You may also an interesting article on treatment of dermatitis in the home. But do not forget that consultation with a doctor is obligatory!


Diet for seborrheic dermatitis

Diet for seborrheic dermatitis will be the first Council, which will give any doctor. To establish diet would have regardless of the degree of development of the disease. Will stick to a very strict menu. You have to forget about some of her favorite products. You will need to fill the part that is called "healthy food". Then the balance will be restored, and this is an invalid condition for the development of the fungus pathogen. What will be included in the new menu?

  • Liquid. Need fresh juices, fruit drinks, natural herbal infusions, fresh clean water.
  • Dietary meat. These include lean pork and beef, white meat chicken. Rarely allow self-indulgence in the form of Turkey or chicken. Shows low-fat varieties of fish, especially if dishes are prepared on pair.
  • Vegetables. Certainly recommended pumpkin dishes. Its flesh should be bright. You can add dishes with zucchini, squash, cabbage and asparagus. Definitely need to use sea Kale. Other vegetables are also acceptable, but in limited quantities.
  • Dairy food. From whole milk make cereal, diluting in half with water. Thus prepared oatmeal, barley, buckwheat. Eat cottage cheese, kefir, yogurt.
  • Berries. You can eat them fresh and frozen, yet they make the fruit drinks. When seborrheic dermatitis will benefit from the use of gooseberries, currants, cranberries, watermelon and cherry. You can not use jam.

Banned a large list of products. Forbidden meals from carbohydrates, not only cakes, candy, and biscuits, sugary drinks. Will have to wait:

  • fried and fattymeals
  • pickled smoked food
  • fast food,
  • caviar,
  • citrus,
  • strawberry,

  • mushrooms.