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Diarrhea: causes and treatment

What is diarrhea?

Diarrhea is a disorder of the intestine that results in frequent defecation and alteration of the normal stool consistency to watery. The main danger of diarrhea is that it can lead to dehydration. Causes of diarrhoea can be several, among them: the penetration of an infection into organism, errors in diet, stress, poisoning.

It is not necessary to exclude such possible causes of diarrhea, as intestinal dysbiosis or parasitic infestation (pinworm infection). For setting the correct diagnosis, it is important to monitor criteria such as stool frequency, character coming from it smell, color of stool, presence of blood.

The difference of a normal chair from a chair with diarrhea

Evaluation criteria

A normal chair

Diarrhea

How often does it happen chair

1-2 times a day

3-4 times a day and often

Consistency of faeces

Mush

The consistency of the liquid or liquid slurry

The color of bowel movements

From dark yellow to dark brown

Green, yellow, white, rose blood, black, cherry, brown

The nature of feces

Decorated stool, with a homogeneous consistency

Unformed, with foam, liquid

The smell

The characteristic odor of feces, without the stench

No smell either fetid or sour

Impurities

The possible presence of a small amount of mucus

A large amount of mucus, undigested food

Before you rush out self-diagnosis, be aware that stool frequency in different people varies. The act of defecation one person can happen 2 times a day, and another 1 every 4 days. The same applies to consistency of feces. So, for some people they always mushy, and the other, decorated. If a person for many years, the chair happens several times a day and has a pasty consistency, and his health not broken, in this case it can be considered normal and not diarrhea.

Whenbowel movements contained impurities and from them comes an unusual smell, this indicates diarrhea. Sometimes even changing the type of stool allows you to define diarrhea. Be sure to pay attention to your own bowel movements, as they are the criterion for assessment of the digestive system, and therefore health in General.

Diarrhea is a pathological condition of the body in which there is an increase in the volume of feces and their dilution. Diarrhea is almost always present in the faeces impurities.

The content of the article:


Causes of diarrhea in adults

Disorders in the digestive system leads to a dilution of the stool and the frequent urge to defecate.

The most common causes of diarrhoea are viral and bacterial infections, and food poisoning. The most common causative agents of intestinal diseases are Salmonella and Escherichia coli. They are able to get into human organism together with food or water. At an increased risk of intestinal infections are tourists who travel to exotic countries.

Diarrhea can also trigger herpes simplex viruses, hepatitis viruses. Perhaps more frequent stools while taking antibiotics.

Ulcerative colitisis a disease that can provoke severe diarrhea. To detect the disease during colonoscopy.

The functioning of the digestive system depends on the state of health in General. Therefore, almost any failure in the coordinated work of the organism as a single system, may trigger the development of diarrhea.

Causes that lead to diarrhea:

Viruses:

Bacteria:

  • Salmonella.
  • Shigella causing dysentery.
  • Cholera Vibrio.
  • Food bacteriotoxins.
  • And E. coli.

Low activity of pancreatic enzymes:

  • Inflammation of the pancreas.
  • The presence of stones in the gall bladder and its ducts, which causes disruption of the normal flow of bile.
  • Hereditary and acquired fermentopathy.
  • Congenital food intolerance.

Bowel disease:

The presence of tumor in the body:

  • Formed in the intestine a polyp.
  • The presence of adenocarcinoma.
  • Diverticulosis in the inflammatory phase.

Disease of the autoimmune nature:

Poisoning:

  • Ingestion of large amounts of nitrates.
  • Poisoning poisons and heavy metals.
  • Poisoning by household chemicals.

Taking certain medicines:

  • Antibacterial medicines.
  • The cytostatics.
  • Laxatives in large quantities.
  • Prokinetics, anticholinesterase drugs.

Internal bleeding:

Antibiotics and diarrhea

Diarrhea often occurs on a background of reception of antibacterial preparations or after the completion of the therapeutic course. Antibiotics provoke the deaths of not only pathogenic, but also the "good" bacteria that live in the intestines. In the end, a person develops a goiter, which is expressed by the liquefaction and frequent stools. Antibiotics can provoke pseudomembranous colitis. This disease is difficult to treat and is characterized bya patient with debilitating diarrhea.

Although viral and bacterial intestinal infections more often provoke a breach of the chair, most of these diseases safely pass. And to cope with them of the body on their own.

With diarrhea of toxic origin of the immune system to cope on their own much more difficult.

Depending on what caused the diarrhea, will be different from the mechanism of its development.

A form of diarrhea

Cause of diarrhea

Secretory diarrhea in which there is an active secretion of mucus by intestinal cells

Swelling, inflammation of the intestines

Motor diarrhea, which is characterized by frequent contractions of the intestinal wall

Any cause other than severe poisoning

Osmotic diarrhea when the intestinal fluid accumulates as it is unable to suck

Deficiency of pancreatic enzymes

Invasive diarrhea when the intestinal wall is affected by the representatives of pathogenic flora

Viruses, bacteria, dysbiosis due to antibiotics

This files most often during diarrhea involves several mechanisms of its development, but one of them will prevail.


Types of diarrhea

The following types of diarrhea:

  • Dyspeptic. It provoked pathology of the digestive tract: secretory insufficiency of the liver, stomach, pancreas. The food is not able to digest, because you do not have enough of the enzyme that leads to the development of diarrhea.

  • Infectious. It provoked a variety of viruses and bacteria.

  • Alimentary. This diarrhea provoke errors in diet, and allergic reactions.

  • Toxic. It provoked various poisons, heavy metals, trapped in the body. Also toxic diarrhea may develop in cases of poisoning protein compounds on the background of uremia.

  • Drug diarrhea, which develops on a background of reception of those or medication.

  • NeurogenicI when diarrhea is the result of emotional arousal.

If diarrhea is uncomplicated, it has almost no effect on healthperson. In severe diarrhea is observed exhaustion, which is accompanied by leaching of vitamins and minerals.


The symptoms of diarrhea

Diarrhea is characterized by a certain set of symptoms, which complicates its diagnosis. There are also a number of features that allow you to specify the cause of the disease. If necessary, the doctor prescribes additional examinations for selecting the diagnosis.

Diarrhea and high body temperature. The increase in body temperature observed during diarrhea quite often. In most cases, it indicates a bacterial or viral nature of diarrhea.

When pathogens penetrate the gut, the immune system produces antibodies that are designed to deal with them. This process is accompanied by increase in body temperature.

Bowel refers to the bodies immune which has high potential, so high body temperature when failure is a normal reaction. She indicates that he actively resists infection. You should exercise particular caution in the case when bacterial or viral intestinal infection temperature remains in the normal range.

Depending on how pathogenic is the virus or bacteria, the body temperature can be subfebrile and febrile to achieve marks in 39 degrees.

Diarrhoea, with nausea and vomiting. Vomiting and nausea are frequent companions of diarrhea, as in lesions of the intestine, all of the digestive tract. Normal movement of food and stool becomes impossible, which causes the characteristic disorders.

The failure of the gut to cause poisoning of the body as harmful substances are absorbed into the bloodstream and spread to the bloodstream, penetrating all tissues and organs. Gag dime, which is located in the brain, reacts to such violations, which explains the emergence of a sense of nausea that later develops vomiting. Vomiting is a natural defense mechanism of the body by which he is trying to get rid of the maximum amount of toxins.

Abdominal pain and diarrhea. The intestines diarrhea has to work harder, which causes severe cramping abdominal pain that occur in bouts. The pain appears abruptly and increases gradually fades away. Most often, after this attack of pain the person has the urge to empty the bowel.

The most intense abdominal pain are observed in food poisoning or whenmicrobial intestinal damage. In other cases, the diarrhea is less painful for the person.

Belching and diarrhea. Burpingthat is accompanied by an unpleasant rotten smell often indicates that the pancreas, stomach or gallbladder does not perform its functions. So burp often precedes diarrhoea.

Food stagnates in the gastrointestinal tract, is not digested fully, it starts to rot. This leads to the fact that the body is formed, the excess gases that go through the stomach, esophagus and mouth. That is the mechanism of occurrence of rotten burping with diarrhea. And stool softener indicates that the underlying disease continues to progress.


What does the color of the stool diarrhea

Diagnostician one has only the color of the stool can suggest what the cause of diarrhea. Of course, for further diagnosis will be required to collect a full medical history of the patient, to clarify all his complaints, to conduct high-quality medical examination.

If the stools are green in colour. Viral and bacterial diarrhea often causes the stool become green color. This is because in the feces in large numbers are present in the leucocytes and pus-producing bacteria, which actively multiply on the background of reduction in the natural protective forces of the body.

Kal liquid, its composition is heterogeneous, it contains green streaks and the inclusion of a viscous greenish slime. In this patient, most often, high body temperature, worried about his abdominal pain, possible vomiting and nausea. The body is suffering from a General intoxication. Blood tests indicated acute inflammation.

If bowel movements in diarrhea are yellow. If feces are yellowish, it is often due to too intense contractions of the intestine. While cal does not have time to take its characteristic form and color, as the intestines too quickly propels it to the anus. Other pathological symptoms, possible complaints of diffuse pain in the abdomen, feeling of heaviness in the epigastric region.

If bowel movements diarrhea have black color. If the stool has a black color that resembles tar, this indicates internal bleeding in her stomach. Under the action of hydrochloric acid erythrocyte hemoglobin is destroyed and is replaced by hydrochloric acid hematin, which leads to a coloration of feces. Stomach bleeding dangerouscondition that requires immediate medical assistance.

However, sometimes the stools become black color by eating coloring products, such as beets or blueberries. Give it a darker color of certain drugs: activated charcoal, bismuth preparations.

The pathological cause of the staining of stool in black will indicate additional symptoms, such as sudden deterioration of health, tachycardia, drop in blood pressure.

If bowel movements in diarrhea are white. White stool indicates that he was not fully treated with the bile. The reason for this failure in the digestive system may be hiding the fact that the bile ducts are blocked by tumor or stone.

Except for diarrhea with white stool, patient complains of high fever. The skin thus acquires a yellow hue, the urine, on the contrary, is very dark. Diarrhea is not characterized by high intensity, it happens several times a day.

If the stool blood. Diarrhea with blood requires immediate treatment to the doctor. It may indicate severe intestinal infection, or a tumor in the intestine which has started to decompose. Perhaps, the intestinal wall has been damaged by chemicals or poisons. Stool the bloody diarrhea may be a liquid consistency and is dark cherry color. This indicates that the source of the bleeding is in the right side of the colon.

If in the stool mucus. Mucus may be present in the stool when diarrhea is caused by any reasons. If it is transparent, it is likely that we are talking about a mild food poisoning. When the mucus becomes green or blood appears, the disease is severe or the effect of the treatment is missing.

If the stool is watery. Watery stools indicates cholera. The strong diarrhea, the stools are profuse, threatening dehydration. A person with cholera needs medical assistance, intensive infusion therapy.


Diagnosis of diarrhea

If you set the mere presence of diarrhea is not difficult, here to determine the reasons that caused it, it is often quite difficult. To establish the etiological factor that led to the violation of the chair, doctors use a variety of laboratory, clinical and instrumental methods.

A set of clinical methods: inspection, survey, palpation.The doctor during the appointment, the patient asks him a number of clarifying questions:

  • How long diarrhea started?
  • Whether suffering from diarrhea, someone from the family members?
  • What someone had to until he started to have diarrhea?
  • Did anybody else the same food and does he have any gastrointestinal disorders?
  • Feel the belly? The patient may describe the pain?

During abdominal palpation doctor will determine the areas that have a high sensitivity. Percussion of the intestines will help to identify sections of the intestine, which accumulates most gases.

Laboratory diagnosis:

  • Submission of stool sample with conducting coprogram. This study allows to identify abnormalities in the liver or enzymatic insufficiency of the pancreas.

  • Conduct bacterial testing of stool. This diagnostic method will give information about the infectious nature of diarrhoea, or will allow you to identify dysbiosis.
  • Biochemistry of blood. Certain changes in the composition of the blood enable the determination of hepatitis, pancreatitis or cholecystitis.
  • KLA. Blood picture allows to suspect the presence in the body inflammation of the gallbladder, pancreas, Appendix, intestine. It may also raise the suspicion of Allergy.

Treatment of diarrhea

Before proceeding to treat diarrhoea, it is necessary to determine the reason that caused it.

The reason

Treatment

Bacteria or viruses

  • The administration of antibacterial drugs.
  • The use of intestinal antiseptics.
  • Reception of sorbent preparations.
  • The appointment of enzymatic means.
  • The use of drugs aimed at inhibition of intestinal motility.

A low production of enzymes in the body

Reception of enzymes

Bowel disease

  • The administration of antibacterial drugs.
  • Receiving enteric drugs to eliminate inflammation.

  • Usehormonal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Internal bleeding

  • The use of drugs-coagulants to increase blood clotting.

  • Infusion therapy.
  • The use of drugs that contribute to ulcer healing.

Poisoning

  • Setting cleansing enema, gastric lavage.
  • The preparations-sorbents.
  • Reduction in the rate of intestinal motility.

Diarrhea on the background of antibacterial therapy

  • The use of antimycotic drugs.
  • Welcome sorbing means.
  • Recovery of the intestinal microflora using probiotics.

Drugs for the treatment of diarrhea

The choice of drug for the treatment of diarrhoea needs to be justified by reasons that provoked the disruption of the digestive system.

You can use the following medicines:

  • As sorbent Activated carbon.
  • As enveloping means starch.
  • As the binders, the preparations of bismuth.
  • For repairing of intestinal flora – Enterol.
  • To resolve diarrhea – Loperamide.
  • For disinfection of bowel – Enterofuril.
  • To reduce the activity of the bowel wall – Atropine.

Bacterial diarrhea requires the intake of intestinal antibiotics and antiseptics. If the patient has irritable bowel syndrome, he is shown taking drugs aimed at the reduction of its activity. Sometimes a patient is prescribed a complex treatment with the admission of the sorbents, bismuth drugs and probiotics.

Cause of diarrhea

How to treat

Than to treat

The nature of bacterial diarrhea

Requires complex treatment with use of sorbents and antiseptic agents.
The sorbents needed to accelerate the excretion of pathogens and prevent their absorption into the blood.
Intestinal antiseptics are fatal to bacteria, but not affect your own intestinal flora.
For the prevention of dysbiosis prescribe probiotics.
To prevent dehydration it is necessary to conduct rehydration therapy.

    • Intestinal antisepsis: Sumetrolim, Enterofuril, Dependal-M.
    • Sorbents: Enterosgel, Activated carbon, Diosmectite.

    • Probiotics: Lactobacterin, Bifidumbacterin.

Viral and parasitic diarrhea

Therapy, sorbents, drugs aimed at restoring the disturbed intestinal flora.
In severe diarrhea prescribe drugs for inhibiting intestinal secretion.
To prevent dehydration oral rehydration therapy is carried out.

  • Sorbents: colloidal silicon dioxide, Carbopack.

  • Drugs for rehydration: Gidrovit, Regidron.

  • Inhibitors of intestinal secretion: Platifillin, Meteospazmil.

Diarrhea on the background of diseases of the intestinal organs, e.g., colitis

To seal the intestinal wall and reduce its permeability to the patient prescribe drugs that have a coating and binding properties. In the end, the volume of water in the intestinal lumen decrease.

Binding agents: Tannacomp, Almagel, Neointestopan.

Diarrhea caused by irritable bowel syndrome

Medications to stop diarrhea is prescribed for severe disease. They should not be taken more than 2-3 days.
Possible treatment with tricyclic antidepressants, and medicines that belong to the group of antidiarrheal drugs that have a vegetable base.

  • Antidiarrheal drugs of plant origin: Fruits of blueberry, cherry Fruit, bilberry fruit Extract.

  • Antidiarrheal drugs have synthetic origin: Loperamide, Imodium plus.

  • Tricyclic antidepressants: Amitriptyline.

Diarrhea on the background of the passage of antibiotic therapy

Probiotics, which allow you to normalize the natural gut flora. Take them in parallel with antibacterial drugs for the treatment of the underlying disease. This measure is the prevention of dysbiosis. When probiotics are tardy, they are assigned after carrying out antibacterial therapy in largedoses.
Preparations for the normalization of the intestinal microflora to be taken during diarrhea, make it less intense, and also have antimicrobial effect. Such medicines prescribed for frequent exacerbations of the colitis and also in the case when the patient is forced to eat through a tube.

To normalize the intestinal flora allow the following medicines: Linex, Enterol, Bifidumbacterin, Lactulose, goodluck, Atsilakt, Colibacterin, Beynor.

It is possible that the diarrhea develops on the background of other diseases, for example, with the deficiency of lactase enzyme or the presence in the body hormonally active tumors. Possible that get rid of diarrhea will be simply eliminating from your diet any specific product. So, lactase insufficiency requires the rejection of milk, celiac disease from products with gluten, from products phenylketonuria with phenylalanine.

Do I need to take antibiotics for diarrhea? Intestinal antibiotics are used to eliminate pathogenic flora. Taking them shown in the case when confirmed the bacterial nature of the diarrhea, or provided that the diarrhea was triggered by a severe dysbiosis. Themselves to appoint a antibiotics is not.

In addition to antibiotics it is possible to use drugs that slow down peristalsis. One of the representatives of this group is Loperamide. His method allows to make the promotion of the stool through the intestines slower.

Loperamide can be used only if the diarrhea has a neurogenic cause. Loperamide has a number of serious side effects and contraindications, therefore, it is possible only in the case when the drug recommended by the physician.

Another group of drugs used to treat diarrhea is chelators. Their technique allows to reduce the toxicity of the body, as they absorb harmful substances from the intestinal lumen. Effective technique of chelators diarrhea allergic and toxico-infectious nature.

Preparations containing beneficial bacteria are called probiotics. It is drugs such as Bifidumbacterin, lineks and hilak Forte. They are appointed in the cases, when diarrhea triggered by antibiotics or diarrhea on the background of dysbiosis.

About home treatment of diarrhea

In some cases it is possible to treat diarrhoea at home. This person needs to properly organize your day, eat right, drink enoughthe amount of water and take medications.

Lest dehydration, should be timely to replenish salts and minerals that were lost during diarrhea. For this you need to use the drug of ringer Locke Rehydron, Gidrovit, etc. strictly forbidden is drinking water with gases. You should not drink juices and sweet water.

The next visit to the toilet you must drink at least 300 ml of water. If after drinking the salt solution a person happens to vomiting, then you need to consult a doctor. In a medical facility, the patient put on a drip, otherwise avoid dehydration will not succeed.

To reduce the intensity of diarrhea, you can eat foods that have astringent properties. This may be boiled rice, bananas, crackers.

You can't eat fried foods that contain a lot of spices or seasonings, you need to lay off the dairy products sweet and starchy foods.


When the treatment of diarrhea require medical help?

Often diarrhea is caused by indigestion, and can deal with it on their own. However, there are situations where no medical assistance is necessary.

To contact the medical institution is required in the following cases:

  • The presence of impurities of blood in the stool. Blood may indicate serious pathology, for example, ulcerative colitis, colon cancer, aggravation of hemorrhoids, fissure in the anus.

  • If diarrhea is accompanied by the release of the black stool, it could be a symptom of intestinal bleeding, which is possible on the background of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcers, or Crohn's disease.
  • If in addition to diarrhea a person experiences severe pain in the upper abdomen, as well as his worries increased flatulence, then it can be a sign of enzyme deficiency of the pancreas. A similar phenomenon often develops on the background of exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis.
  • If stool against diarrhoea have light color and buttery consistency, this indicates inadequate treatment of food masses in the bile. It is secreted in insufficient quantities in liver diseases (cirrhosis and hepatitis) or with cholecystitis. Blockage of the bile duct stones can also cause diarrhoea with stool white color.

  • If the personwatch the diarrhea and increased flatulence in the background eating certain foods, then it can be allergic in nature. Although eliminating the enzymatic deficiency is also impossible.
  • If dilution and more frequent stools occurs regardless of food intake, it is possible to suspect irritable bowel syndrome. It will be observed the common neuroses, depression and other disorders in the nervous system.
  • If diarrhea is accompanied by vomiting and strong abdominal pain, then maybe the person had a food poisoning. Also, these symptoms may indicate enterovirus infection or salmonellosis.

  • Diarrhea that causes a pronounced dehydration can be a sign of severe infection. Patients with dehydration have to receive treatment in a hospital.

Diarrhea with fever and without

The increase in body temperature against diarrhoea is not always the case. Most often it occurs in children than in adults, even if the fact that violations of the chair was caused by the same reasons. Depending on what exactly was the trigger factor to the development of diarrhea, the body temperature will fluctuate in different range.

What is the cause of diarrhea

The range of fluctuations in body temperature

Feature hyperthermic reaction

Neurogenic cause:

  • stress;
  • nervous breakdown;
  • mental and emotional stress;
  • changes in climatic conditions;
  • a long business trip.

Normal or subfebrile body temperature not above 37 degrees.

Body temperature remains within normal limits, possible short-term increase to 37.5 degrees.

Food poisoning in the acute phase.

37-38,5 degrees.

The body temperature rises 6-12 hours after a person has eaten product, triggering diarrhea. The more severe the poisoning, the more hyperthermic reaction. Food poisoning mark on the thermometer rarely exceeds the rate at 38.5.

Viruses:

  • rotavirus infection;
  • adenoviral infection;
  • enterovirusinfection.

37-38 degrees

Viral infections often do not cause increase in body temperature above 38 degrees. This man is suffering from a General intoxication of the organism. He develops muscle pain, increased sweating, having hot flashes and cold. Diarrhoea with high fever persists for 3 days, but no more. Then the body cope with the infection.

Inflammation of the digestive system:

  • Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis).
  • Inflammation of the liver (cirrhosis).

  • Inflammation of the Appendix (appendicitis).
  • Inflammation of the intestines (enterocolitis).

37,1-38,5

  • Inflammation of the pancreas is expressed by diarrhea and hyperaemic response in 38 degrees.

  • Hepatitis in the chronic stage is manifested by diarrhea and increased body temperature up to subfebrile levels. When the tissues of the liver are in a state of acute inflammation, the body temperature rises to impressive levels, and the diarrhoea worsens.

  • Appendicitis can cause moderate diarrhea and high body temperature. If appendicitis is complicated by inflammation of the serous cover of the peritoneal cavity, the body temperature can exceed 39 degrees.

  • On the background of enterocolitis hyperthermic reaction is expressed clearly. The more complex the disease, the higher the body temperature, which can reach 40.5 degrees.

Parasitic infestation:

  • Defeat of intestinal amoebas.

  • Infection of Giardia.
  • Cysticercosis.

  • Infection with Trichinella.

38-38,5

The defeat of the parasite is accompanied by diarrhea and fever to the average values. Rarely figures on the thermometer exceeds 38, degrees.

Diarrhea of bacterial origin:

  • Salmonella.
  • Staphylococci.

  • Shigella.
  • Vibrio cholerae.

38,5-39

If the digestive organs are infected with bacteria, the body temperature rises to high levels. When the disease is severe, the mark on the thermometer can achieve the performance of 40 degrees.


The treatment of diarrhoea, accompanied by high body temperature

When a person develops diarrhea, you should not take drugs to stop it. The treatment depends on what caused the diarrhea. The fact that liquefaction and more frequent stools against a high body temperature is not an independent disease, but only symptoms of any disorders in the body.

High fever with diarrhea may indicate pathology:

  • The poisoning of food.
  • Inflammation of the pancreas.
  • Inflammation of the intestines.
  • Viruses.
  • Infection by bacteria.

To reduce the severity of symptoms and feel better, you can take certain steps, but the main effort should be directed at the control of his state. In some cases, there is an urgent need to seek medical assistance.

Food poisoning. After the person has eaten an expired or substandard product he will start to show symptoms of poisoning. They can manifest after 1-12 hours. First, develops diarrhoea, the stools will be watery, profuse and fetid. At Calais found pieces of undigested food. Except for diarrhea, the victim, the body temperature rises, the concern nausea that often ends with vomiting.

To help the patient, it is necessary to perform gastric lavage. In ordinary water to dissolve one of the following compounds: potassium permanganate (to obtain a pale pink solution), 2 tablespoons of baking soda (for 2 l of water) or 2 tablespoons of salt (to 4 years water).

To rinse well the stomach will require from 8 to 10 l solution. It should not be too hot or cold. The optimal liquid temperature is 36 degrees. Patient drink 3 to 6 glasses of the prepared solution, and then induce vomiting by pushing fingers on the tongue root. To wash out the stomach, and thus as long as the water does not become completely transparent.

Over the next days people have nothing to eat. To speed up the excretion of harmful substances, to drink any sorbent (Activated carbon, Smectite, Polisorb, etc.).

To normalize fluid and electrolyte balance, use a saline solutions Rehydron, Oralit. After each episode of diarrhoea you should drink a few milliliters of solution (10 ml*1 kg of patient weight).

Over the next 7 days the patient needsstick to a sparing diet, drink plenty of fluids (at least 3 liters of water per day).

If later, 6 hours after cleaning of the stomach body temperature is not getting smaller, but the diarrhea persists, you should contact the doctor.

Mandatory consultation and examination the doctor in the following cases:

  • Food poisoning happened to a small child or elderly person.
  • The poisoning was allegedly provoked by the consumption of fungi or canned.
  • Diarrhea accompanied by vomiting for two days.

Inflammation of the pancreas. While pancreatitis stool thickens, quickens, acquires a grayish tint and unpleasant odor. In the stool there are specks of fat.

Pancreatitis requires treatment to the doctor. To a medical examination required complete nutritional peace, following bed rest. The pain become less intense, you need to sit down and tilt your upper body to the knees.

Inflammation of the intestines. Body temperature when gastroenteritis is not much increased. Chair becomes liquid, it is visible to the foam, but the mucus and blood do not exist. If the disease is mild, the person visits the toilet about 5 times a day, and in severe disease the number of acts of defecation is able to achieve 20. It is also possible headaches, abdominal pain, increased weakness.

The patient must provide first aid, which reduces to the following events:

  • Full food rest for 1-2 days.
  • Intake of sufficient amount of liquid: at least 3 liters a day.
  • The transition to a sparing diet.
  • The ban on Smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages.
  • Complete physical rest patient.

If you are unable to get rid of diarrhea throughout the day, you need to go to the doctor. To postpone the visit to the doctor is impossible, as intestinal infection is able of weight gain to serious complications and even death of the patient.


What diseases are accompanied by diarrhea with blood?

Different pathologies and inflammatory processes of the digestive tract can be accompanied by bloody diarrhoea. The closer the source of bleeding is to the anus, the brighter blood in the stool.

To provoke a thinning of the chair and the appearance in it of blood canthe following pathology:

  • Fissure of the anus. In addition to dilution of stool and the appearance in it of blood, cracked provoke quite intense pain. Blood is in small portions, it can be detected both during the act of defecation, and after it. Blood not mixed with stool, not formed into clumps or streaks. Mucus in the stool for fissures of the anus are not typical.
  • Hemorrhoids. If a person develops diarrhea, frequent acts of defecation can damage hemorrhoids. In the end, the man finds underwear in the stool or on toilet paper bloody footprints. The color of the blood remains scarlet, as she does not have time to coagulate and does not have prolonged contact with the enzymes responsible for the digestion of food. If hemorrhoid ruptures, the blood will be very much. While manifested pain does not.
  • Polyphonie growths in the intestine. If a polyp is damaged or inflamed, it can begin to bleed. Blood is present directly in the feces, they also found slime.
  • The aggravation of diverticulosis. Inflammation of diverticula most often observed in patients in adulthood. When they are positioned in the colon in its right divisions, the blood will be dark or even black. If inflamed diverticula are in the sigmoid colon, the blood will be bright red.
  • Any chronic inflammation of the intestine in the acute stage. Diarrhea with blood can provoke Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis. The stool softener is present on a permanent basis, that is, the diarrhoea becomes chronic. The patient will also show complaints of pain in the intestine, it is possible increase in body temperature. Blood in the stool is bright red color.
  • Intestinal infection. Diarrhoea with blood is often a cause of infection affecting the intestines. Thus in humans, increased body temperature, pain in the abdomen. Profuse diarrhea with blood are often observed on the background of dysentery when suffering the lower part of the colon. With dysentery diarrhoea exhausts the patient, forcing him to visit the ladies ' room up to 20 times a day or more. Sometimes the desire to empty the bowel may be false, but the person feels quite uncomfortable feeling. Blood may be present in the stool in pure form, and formed in clots. For diarrhea the characteristic green slime in feces. Other intestinal infectionsthat cause bloody diarrhea: amoebiasis, balantidiasis, salmonellosis.

  • Internalbleeding in the digestive tract. The appearance of diarrhea with blood may indicate bleeding, which occurs as a result of damage to the esophagus, stomach or duodenum. Blood will have black color and unpleasant smell. The reason in this case can be of different tumors in the stomach and intestines, stomach ulcer and duodenum, varicose veins of the esophagus, cirrhosis of the liver.

  • Dysbacteriosis.
  • Malignant tumors of the large intestine. Blood in the stool should always be giving the idea about the cancer tumor. Installed, it appears in more than 50% of the people in the early stages of the formation of intestinal tumors. Moreover, it is accompanied by the violation of the chair, it may also contain pus and mucus. In parallel, increased body temperature, appear about the urge to empty the bowel.
  • Other causes that can lead to diarrhea with blood: proctitis (blood is present in feces in the form of clots), cryptic (blood in the stool has a bright colour), ischemic colitis (blood can be any color appears in small quantities).

Can diarrhea be sign of pregnancy?

Diarrhea often bothers women in the state. Although some pregnant women eating foods that have laxative effects, does not cause thinning chair. Therefore, diarrhea should not be considered as an indication of pregnancy.

In some cases, it may indicate the conception, but only when the immune system fails. It is often observed during the early stages of pregnancy. In this case, eating even a familiar food can trigger thinning, and frequent stools.