Dysentery

Causes, symptoms and treatment of amoebic dysentery

Definition of amoebic dysentery

Amoebic dysentery is an acute intestinal infection caused by the simplest single – celled bacterium histological amoeba. Infection occurs by the fecal-oral route. Amoebic dysentery is a special case of amebiasis and is second in importance among parasitic infections, leading to death. The most common histological amoeba in tropical countries, especially in places with a large crowd of people in unsanitary conditions. Often infectious lesions can flare up in wealthy countries.

A carrier of the disease may become sick with amoebic dysentery or bacilli carrier, being a carrier of the infection and sometimes even unaware of this. Infection occurs by direct contact or through contaminated water, fruits, vegetables, herbs. Additional distributors may become flies and cockroaches.

Amoebic dysentery affects the colon. Penetrating from the intestine into the blood vessels, it spreads to the liver, thereby forming amoebic abscess, is dangerous because it is difficult to diagnose.

The causes of amoebic dysentery

There are the following histological forms of amoeba: incestamanda (in the form of cysts) and vegetative, subdivided in turn into a large (fabric) and small (translucent) shapes. In the body of the amoeba penetrate incestyoung form, then, reaching the intestine, becoming translucent form. In this form the bacteria identified in the intestinal lumen of patients and in the feces of the carriers of cysts. At this stage they actively secrete enzymes that cleave a peptide bond between proteins and amino acids, which leads to deep ulcerations.

Penetrated into the layers of the colon wall, they take the form of a fabric, significantly increasing in size. In this form, the amoeba detected in tissues and faeces of patients. At this stage, histological amoeba have strong invasive properties, so increase previously formed sores and create new ones. Often the amebiasis becomes chronic with exacerbations and spreads hematogenous route to other organs. Most often resulting abscesses suffering from liver.

The incubation period can last from several weeks to several months. The disease usually develops gradually and is accompanied by malaise, headache, General weakness, fever lasting several days,observed white patches on the tongue. The patient complains of severe aching or sharp, as at the battles, abdominal pain.

There is frequent, about ten times a day, loose stools with flecks of blood and mucus. Stomach and purrs. Colon hardened on palpation, there is a spasm of the sigmoid bowel. The patient reduced ability to work, worsening appetite. Everything else is added apathy, there is weight loss, anemia and insomnia. If time does not begin treatment may also cause exhaustion.

A complication amoebic dysentery is abscess of the liver, usually occurs in the first month of the disease, but sometimes it develops after six months. Accompanied by a sharp rise in temperature, while the patient has fever and chills, yellowness, increase in size of liver, leukocytosis.

Sometimes the spread of infection into the inferior Vena cava, lungs, stomach, pericardium, peritoneum, occasionally in the spleen and brain. Sometimes amoeba from the infected gut are transferred hematogenous (blood) or lymphatic (lymph) by other bodies without hitting the liver.

Diagnosis and treatment of amoebic dysentery

For diagnosis is laboratory examination of freshly isolated feces, mucus, pus directly in the seats of abscesses, as well as in the walls themselves ulcers patient for the presence of amoebae. Sometimes requires repeated study of feces. Diagnosis is hampered by the similarity of amoebic dysentery, with bacterial. Therefore, it is also important to interview patients and collect a thorough history.

Treatment of amoebic dysentery involves a range of measures aimed at improving the patient's General condition and strengthen the body as a whole. It is therefore essential during treatment, eat a healthy diet, consuming adequate amount of proteins and vitamins. The doctor prescribes a specific treatment based on the clinical picture of the disease.

Prevention of disease involves good personal hygiene, sanitation, the fight against cockroaches and flies. You shouldn't use tap water, unwashed fruit, stale dairy products. It is important to avoid getting a mouthful of water while swimming in reservoirs. At the state level should be monitored and the identification of mozillamozilla. Soit is prohibited to work in child care, food or water supply.