Classification and diagnosis of keratitis in children

One of the diseases of the organs of vision is keratitis. This term to generalize a group of diseases that act as irritating and which deteriorates the level of trophism. The result of the pathological process infiltration formed separate parts of the cornea, is lost or significantly worsens its transparency. What percentage of these diseases? It is 5% from the category of inflammatory eye disease. You can highlight statistics within a category. Herpes virus keratitis was in the first place – their share amounts to 55-60 %. Because of the prevalence of keratitis was up to 50 % of cases of persistent visual loss, as well as 60 % of cases "corneal blindness".

Classification of keratitis in children

Keratitis are differentiated according to a special classification. They can be combined and grouped based on indicators such as etiology, pathogenesis and stable clinical manifestations. In order to make a comfortable diagnosis, as well as for efficient selection of cure in pediatric practice it is customary to divide the keratitis on the basis of the etiological (they are divided into bacterial and exchange, as well as viral and allergic).

Keratitis in children can be similar to the following.

I. Bacterial category is divided into subcategories:

1) staphylo-pneumo-Diplo-streptococcal;
2) tuberculosis;
3) syphilitic;
4) malaria, brucellosis, etc.

II. Viral category is divided into subcategories:

1) adenovirus;
2) herpetic;
3) measles, smallpox etc.

III. Infectious(toxic)-allergic category is divided into subcategories:

1) phlyctenules (skrupulezno);
2) allergic (allergens).

IV. Exchange category is divided into subcategories:

1) amino acid (protein);
2) avitaminous.

V. other categories include:

1) fungal keratitis;
2) neuroparalitical;
3) post-traumatic, etc.

In children mostly develop herpes, Stavropolskoye, tuberculous-allergic (scrophularia) categories keratitis. Much less possible to meet the tuberculosis-metastatic syphilitic and kind of fungal keratitis. There are also such complications damage to the eyes as post-traumatic keratitis.

Diagnosis keratitis in children

Diagnosis of keratitis is conducted as follows: we need to examine a swab of the conjunctiva for color by methylene blue and by gram.

It is just a state of crop region of the conjunctivasome of the nutrient medium.

Analyzes the composition of the scraping with a platinum loop region of the ulcerous surface and edges of the ulcer. You need to hold the microscopy of material scraping, which is applied to the surface of a glass slide, or seeding material for some elective nutritional types of environments – in the end you can obtain maximum analysis in the differential diagnosis of different fungi and amoeba.

It is necessary to study smear-imprint with the surface of the ulcer of the cornea – it takes in the case of deep ulcers of the cornea. The resulting microflora it is necessary to investigate the pathogenicity and increased sensitivity to the composition of the antibiotics.

It is necessary in most cases immunofluorescence study of the scrapings of the conjunctiva in order to avoid signs of a virus of simple herpes.

In the framework of differential diagnosis analysis to differentiate keratitis from a number of other diseases, such as conjunctivitis.

Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis can lead to damage of the cornea in the formation nummular opacities, is also decreasing visual acuity.

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis in lesions of the cornea (or rather, shield ulcer on the cornea, hyperkeratosis) may lead to a permanent reduction in visual acuity.