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Causes, symptoms and treatment of cysts of the breast

Breast cyst is a common, single or multiple pathology oral breast incobrasa content produced in the ducts. Usually, the disease is asymptomatic for a long time, and only after the time, there is soreness and burning in the breast. These symptoms are worse before and during menstruation. Breast cyst is accompanied by inflammation and suppuration of the cystic cavity. The disease rarely degenerates into cancer, and, nevertheless, has overstated the risk of developing neoplasms. Often accompanied by hormonal abnormalities that occur in the genital area. Large cyst change shape of the breast.

Physiologically, a cyst is a cavity bounded by a connective capsule and filled with inflammatory fluid. This pathology is a consequence of fibrocystic breast disease.

The cavity is formed due to increase of one duct of the gland, accumulation of secretions and the gradual formation of a fibrous capsule. The tumors are round, oval or irregular shape. Size ranges from a few millimeters in complex cases can reach five inches. Common the cyst is smooth and completely smooth inner wall. With regards to atypical cysts, on their walls it has the expansion inside the cavity.

Cysts can be isolated, in more complex cases multiple. If the polycystic disease, numerous cysts of different sizes, are combined to form a multi-cluster. Changed cystic fabric is able to take half or more of the tissues of the gland.

The cyst cavity may be composed of benign cells, but may have malignant cells.

The chest area is able to develop a fatty cyst, not associated with secretory tissue. It is formed in the result of blockage of skin oil glands and overfilling it a secret. This disease is not a concern.

The development of cysts in the breast gland that affects hormonal balance. Excessive production of estrogen and imbalance of hormonal balance and while taking hormonal contraceptives may develop a sexual disorder hormonal regulation that leads to the formation of cysts.

The development of cysts provoke: thyroid disease, mastitis, ovarian dysfunction, inflammation of the genital organs.

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Signs and symptoms of cysts of the breast

The small size of the cyst, very rarely bother the patient. Identified most often by accident, after undergoing mammography. Enlarged cystic masses cause pain, felt seal mammary glands, and this occurs several days before menstruation.

Large cyst, filled with secret, manifest constant pain, pulling sensations, burning, or uneven seals.

Breast cyst, clinically manifested regardless of the menstrual cycle. A huge, gigantic cysts are determined by the visible deformation of the breast, redness, and even lividity of the skin.

Any inflammation in the cyst, characterized by fever, redness of the skin, small or even large increase in the axillary lymph nodes.

Characteristic symptoms:

  • Palpable pain to the chest.
  • Burning and pulling sensations.
  • Change the color of the skin.
  • Deformation of the breast.
  • Fever.

Causes of cysts of the breast

Hormonal imbalance in a woman's body is not uncommon. At this point, the ovaries secrete above the normal amount of estrogen, the main female sex hormones. So this leads to tissue growth under the influence of estrogen, the epithelium of the ducts of the breast, swelling of its tissues. Such processes some clog the ducts and form a cyst.

Almost cyst –this is the main element of fibrocystic breast disease. If the disease is diffuse, i.e. equally distributed in the Breasts, there are many small cysts. Nodal mastopathy characterized by large nodes.

Female hormonal system is controlled by neurohumoral and Central nervous system. Any impact, the system can cause failure in their work. The most sensitive neurohumoral system to all kinds of emotional stress. First and foremost, on the development of cysts is influenced by:

  • Long intellectual activity.
  • Constant emotional stress.
  • Frequent anxiety and stress.
  • Susceptibility to problems.

Abortions cause the greatest impact on the endocrine system. They are able to be the cause of failures in a woman's body. Frequent abortions violate the ovaries, provoke the release of large amounts of estrogen, the maturation of the cysts.

The increase in estrogen can trigger excess weight, especially obesity. Because fat cells contribute to the production of estrogen, obese women, increasing the chances of hormone-dependent diseases.

Bad nutrition is another main reason for the development of hormonal disorders. Poor diet causes a disturbance in the metabolism, which will sooner or later impact on the neuroendocrine system. Other glands of internal secretion and their work also reflected on the status and activities of the breast.

Any heat treatments and UV rays, stimulate the production of estrogen.

The reasons for the formation of cysts in the mammary glands can serve as any injury. Increases the risk of tumors and after surgery. Since breast tissue is very thin, it reacts to any physical impact. The use of oral contraceptives, and often is a predisposing factor in the development of the cyst.

Answers to popular questions

  • What is the danger of breast cyst? Neoplasm of the breast is not dangerous to a woman's life. Of course, it can lower your quality of life with distinct symptoms, but rarely is pathology, degenerating into cancer. Despite this, its nodular form is able to stimulate malignant tumor.Quite often, breast cyst, given the risk factors of mastitis, and the danger of a malignant process, is the background for cancer development. According to statistics, the cyst in the breast, there is every third women, and many do not even guess. Faced with illness, women start to panic, in fear of what might develop cancer. This is not necessary, you just have time to start treatment. With early detection of the disease, you must eliminate the cause and to conduct a comprehensive therapy. (see also: stages, symptoms, signs and treatment of breast cancer)

  • Resolves whether the breast cyst itself? Quite rare, when there is self-absorption of cysts of the breast, therefore, to start the disease should not. Even small cysts don't resolve on their own, and are treated conservative method. If the cyst has a size of 1.5 cm, it is assigned a puncture of the fence content and the introduction of ozone or air into the cavity. With this size of cyst need to flatten its walls. Any self-treatment (herbs and poultices), in the hope that the cyst will resolve on its own, is unacceptable. Only the doctor prescribes treatment, carefully watching the dynamics of the condition of the cysts. In the same unacceptable self-treatment without diagnosis. To experiment on your health, in the expectation that a seal will resolve, is unacceptable.

  • Is it possible to massage the breast? Breast massage is prohibited. The fact that her fabrics are very delicate, and the attempt to squeeze out the liquid from the nipple through intense massage will lead to her injury. Therefore, iron is not only prohibited intense massage, but in General it is better not to touch. You should avoid any injury of the chest, including underwear with sharp bones. You need to protect not only breast tissue but also the skin. As you age, you need to grease the chest with olive oil to prevent excessive dryness. Breast massage can be performed after 2-3 days after birth. It is at this time very necessary, as the Breasts are filled with milk, and its stagnation can lead to the formation of lactational mastitis.

  • The cyst may resolve itself, it is not necessary to treat? Indeed, to dissolve cystic masses can, however this happens very infrequently. Cases of self-liquidation so rare that when it detects cysts, doctors almost always recommend their removal. If the size of education more 15 mmthe clientis appointed by puncture and sampling of its contents for further research. This is done to confirm the diagnosis and prevent possible relapse.

  • Is it possible to sunbathe or relax in the sauna with a cyst of the breast or after treatment? Tanning is harmful for anyone, even healthy women – it is known for certain. Why doctors do not recommend Solarium, sunbathing without a bra, and spending time in the sun from 11 am to 16 PM. In addition, any overheating of the body can give rise to the formation of cysts or to its degeneration, not only in the chest. So visit the saunas and baths are also not recommended.

  • How conservative or traditional the treatment can be carried out? Any treatment may be prescribed only by a doctor. This is done after conducting a comprehensive examination or after surgery.

    Possible assignments:

    1. Dietary supplements with iodine and its compounds, with extracts of seaweed, cauliflower or broccoli.

    2. Herbal teas are prescribed to improve the functioning of the liver to accelerate the metabolism to enhance stress tolerance. They have a positive impact on the organism as a whole.

    3. All packs can only be used after the conducted medical consultations. So, alcohol compresses and cabbage leaf is able to exert anti-inflammatory and resolving the action, as well as to reduce swelling. However, self-medication in this case is contraindicated.

  • No self-medication in the cyst of the breast can not be carried out. This ban is quite understandable, as it is based on the principle of preserving a woman's health. You should not use herbs or compresses, if there is no medical monitoring of dynamics of development of cyst. Especially it is impossible to self-medicate until exact diagnosis. Do not forget about the increased cancer tension. Even today, a benign tumor a few days can malignity malignant. Sometimes it is self-treatment accelerates this process and leads to tragic consequences.


    Types of cysts of the breast

    Tumors, cysts of the breast are determined by several types:

    • Cysts are oval, rounded.
    • Cysts wrongform.
    • Small or large cysts.
    • A single or multiple. Polycystic is determined not only by the confluence of cysts, but also the formation of multi-clusters.
    • Single-chamber or multi-chamber cyst.
    • Cysts with or without inflammation.
    • Typical, having a smooth inner wall or atypical, having growths on the walls.

    There is atypical, fibrous, ductal, solitary, multi, cysts of the mammary glands.

    Atypical breast cyst is a fluid accumulation, the expansion duct gland in the formed cavity. This cyst has a fibrous capsule, round, oval shapes of different sizes. Atypical cyst is a benign cyst with growths protruding inside the cavity.

    The main causes of abnormal cysts:

    • Existing for a long time cyst.
    • Often recurrent cysts of the breast.
    • Inflammatory processes in the cyst.
    • The presence of a papillomatous (benign) growths.
    • The presence of the papillomatous formations in the cavity of the cyst.

    The fibrous breast cyst is Central to Oncology and is a background disease in the development of breast cancer.

    Fibrous cyst: Reclus disease, cystic breast disease shimmelbush, cystic disease, chronic cystic mastitis. Currently, these terms are not used in medicine. Are the following forms: nonproliferative and proliferative.

    The fibrous breast cyst is defined by the characteristic symptoms:

    • Before menstruation intensifies the pain in the mammary glands.
    • Feel the presence in the chest, protruding hub seal.
    • From the nipple the liquid is released.

    The pathogenesis of fibrous mastitis are not fully understood. There are some known factors that trigger its development:

    • These cysts develop in the tissue in menopause, due to hormonal failure.
    • With the weakening of immunity or disruption of individual organs.

    Read more: Causes, symptoms, stages and treatment of breast cancer

    Solitary breast cyst is a benign dysplasia that do not represent a special hazard. But this does not mean that we should not pay attention to it and not to treat. It is necessary to consult a mammologist and begin treatment to regulate hormones anda protective system.

    A solitary cyst is the formation, rounded shape and elastic consistence. Is a swelling filled with fluid of different colors. The longer the cyst, the denser its capsule. A solitary cyst is a cavity of large size, which is located in one breast.

    The reasons for the development of this form of the cyst:

    • Heredity.
    • Neuroendocrine disorders.
    • Abortion.
    • Age, after 35 years.
    • A lot of weight.
    • Late delivery.
    • Stress, nervous strain.
    • Complete avoidance of breastfeeding.
    • Early puberty.

    • Mastitis.
    • Injuries of the breast.

    A solitary cyst is manifested with chest pain, amplifying in the second phase period. Pain stretching, pressing and aching. There is observed burning sensation and itching in the chest. These are accompanied by pain due to compressed nerves of the breast and surrounding tissues. Pain able to give to the scapula, neck or shoulder. Once menstruation ends, the pain stopped.

    Another characteristic symptom is determined by palpation that can identify any woman, especially if a solitary cyst is large.

    Ductal breast cyst develops at any age, but most often is diagnosed after 48 years. The disease is 1% among all novoobrazovany breast cancer.

    The worst thing is that ductal cyst is a complete pre-cancerous condition, despite the fact that reliable data is not revealed.

    Ductal cysts are intraductal papilloma, cystadenofibroma is a small outgrowths within the breast. Pathology refers to the group of benign diseases.

    Factors of ductal cysts:

    • Hormonal disturbances.
    • Ovarian dysfunction.
    • Abortion.
    • Inflammation of the uterus and ovaries.
    • The excess body weight.
    • Diabetes.
    • Endocrine diseases.
    • Stress.

    Clinically, this pathology is manifested by discharge from the nipples transparent, brown, bloody or greenish liquid. Ductal cyst can be palpated, if it is present in the region ducts.

    Ductal breast cyst is detectable in the form of dense education, palpation pain does notfelt. The disease is detected most often by accident, when checkups.

    Multichamber cyst of the breast is a very bad diagnosis. First, one develops a cyst, then launch new, next, and then they merge. Thus is formed a multi-chamber cyst. The disease was detected on ultrasonography.

    The main factor of disease – unhealthy lifestyle, but there are other factors:

    • The abuse of alcoholic beverages.
    • The use of nicotine and drugs.
    • An improper diet.
    • Violation of metabolism.
    • Frequent intake of medicines.
    • Stresses, anxiety.
    • Hormonal disruptions.
    • Infectious diseases.

    Multichamber cyst of the breast is a dangerous disease that can go into a malignant tumor.


    Diagnosis of the cyst

    In order to diagnose the existing medium in size and a cyst of the breast, the doctor sometimes quite standard palpation. If education is smaller, you will need ultrasonography or mammography.

    These two methods of diagnosis differ from each other not only during implementation, but the results that are received by the doctor. Thus, ultrasound allows you to specify whether the inside of the breast cystic growths, it is also possible to distinguish between a cyst and fibroadenoma. The results of the mammogram can be concluded about their size, shape and exact number.

    In addition, the patient may be recommended an MRI, however, is performed only in severe cases. Because until now, the debate between physicists regarding the safety of this procedure for the human body. Although this method is widely marketed as absolutely harmless.

    In this regard, before heading to the diagnosis using the MRI, should make sure that it is really necessary. If the doctor is not principled in this matter, you better stay on mammography or ultrasound. It definitely will help to rid the body of excess load.

    Biopsy is performed in the case when inside education has HPV. Biopsy under the ultrasonic control apparatus. This method is necessary in order to further was the possibility of histological examination. According to the results, we can suspect cancer (if the substance is taken for the study has a brown or tan color and if there isa large number of epithelial cells).


    Treatment of cysts of the breast

    First and foremost, a woman should contact mammologu, for examination and determination of the effective method of treatment. To treat small cysts, selected adequate conservative treatment. This requires that the size of the cyst did not exceed 0.5 mm. In this case does not require the removal of the tumor. First and foremost, the doctor directs all their actions for normalization of hormonal balance. For this it is necessary to pass survey at the gynecologist, immunologist and endocrinologist.

    In order that the cyst has resolved, are appointed to modern drugs, or puncture of the cyst. The doctor makes the puncture pumping fluid and introduces a solution for the destruction of the capsule. This method is suitable for the treatment of unilocular cysts. If the cyst has atypical features, it is assigned to the operation and the tissue extracted during surgical intervention, sent for histological examination.

    Another method of treatment of a cyst is aspiration. This is a procedure during which a cavity of the cyst is thin cannula, through it drained cystic fluid. If this fluid is no bleeding present, the treatment is not required. If there are streaks or even traces of blood, more research is needed.

    The cyst can be treated with hormone replacement therapy. For the treatment of cysts, many doctors resort to a course of medication aimed at normalization of hormonal background. This method of treatment in addition also strengthens the immune system. This treatment is able to cure disease and to exclude recurrence of the cyst.

    If the results of the observations it becomes clear that there is a growth of the cyst, it is draining. To this end, a thin needle pierces the cyst contents is aspirated, and the cavity is injected with either air or ozone. This conservative and low-invasive method of therapy available for execution only upon detection of a single-chamber cysts, which are not subjected to malignancy, in which there is no papillomas. It will also require the re-passage of the mammography studies every 6 months and regular surveillance by a mammologist. This will allow early detection of possible relapse. The success of the operation depends on how fully the contents of the cyst removed, not whether her cells, capable of growing, as ultrasound does not detect liquid, the possibility of recurrence is reduced to 20%. However, when the fluid retained and gradually accumulates, it will require a repeat procedure.

    It is necessary to abandon the operation in the clinic where the woman offered to introduce ozone or air, and ethyl alcohol. Itunsafe method of treatment, which often causes tissue necrosis. Therefore, it is important to clarify all aspects of the forthcoming operation. Even the air in this case would be preferable to the introduction than alcohol.

    If there is a simple cyst, it most often does not require surgery, but the discovery of the wall to performing the puncture. This will give an opportunity to eliminate cancer. When cancer cells are absent, the woman offered to pass the vacuum biopsy. The growth is removed within half an hour, which is used only local anesthesia. When cancer cells are still detected, they require a more complex treatment in the Oncology clinic.

    If, after aspiration of the cyst and injection of ozone still occur in the recurrence, but cancer cells is not, such education is necessary to remove also by vacuum aspiration.

    How safe are the transactions? Don't worry about the fact that the chest will be deleted if it was discovered a cyst. As a rule, even the impressive size of the cyst is removed with preservation of the breast.

    Incisions surgeons aim to do as little as possible, because every physician wants to deliver the woman a minimum of aesthetic discomfort in the future. Therefore, most such operations do not leave behind any visible traces.

    The risk of malignancy education varies from 1 to 4%. It is therefore important to start treatment in time.

    Sectoral resection leaves behind scars. It may in the future have a negative impact on breast-feeding due to the destruction of ducts. To avoid stagnation, women planning to give birth should, whenever possible, to avoid interference.


    Laparoscopy (removal of cyst of breast)

    Doctors are sometimes faced with a situation where a pathology associated with a cyst of the breast, is not cured by conventional methods without laparoscopy is not enough.

    Usually, the cyst becomes a cause of hormonal disturbances and is detected by ultrasound or mammography. If the disease is detected at an early stage, and treated only with medicines. If the doctor suspects the transition to normal cysts a malignant tumor, it is important to promptly remove.

    The operation is performed under General anesthesia or local anesthesia. On the chest wall cuts are made in order to obtain access to the cyst. One incision is inserted a special tool designed for the operation, another incision a laparoscope is inserted withbuilt-in video camera. The monitor displays an image, with this camera. Therefore, experienced surgeons with a special tool, manipulation is performed with the cyst, out from her build-up of fluid and injected absorbable liquid.

    Laparoscopy is an innovative procedure. It is used in various branches of medicine, which allows you to handle even the most complex situations. Thanks displayed on the monitor information of what is happening inside, the doctor can implement complex actions in the most remote places.

    Laparoscopy is a complex operation and requires some training. Primarily assigned to urine tests, blood biochemical tests, tests for blood coagulation, ECG. Before laparoscopy, the patient must refrain from eating 8 hours.

    The advantage of laparoscopy:

    • Minimal trauma.
    • Stay small, almost invisible incisions.
    • Postoperative wounds heal quickly.
    • The minimum number of complications after laparoscopy.

    This method of treatment and removal of cysts of the mammary gland is rare and may be accompanied by complications associated with anesthesia, accidental trauma, vascular injury, infectious complications, adhesions, hematomas, gray, formation of postoperative hernia.