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The urethra

Causes and symptoms of diseases of the urethra


What is disease of the urethra?

Urethra (urethra) is a tubular organ that connects the bladder and the external environment. Men and women the urethra varies in length and width. The main function of the urethra is the excretion of urine from the body, in men it can also be opened VAS deferens through which the sperm comes.

Diseases of the urethra (urethritis) is an inflammatory process, manifested by pain when urinating and discharge from the urethra.

Urethritis can be acute, chronic, granular, premenstrual syndrome, senile and allergic.


The causes of diseases of the urethra

Urethritis is an infectious disease caused by various fungi, viruses and bacteria. Quite rare are the cases of allergic, radiation and toxic urethritis not associated with infectious agents.

Inflammation of the urethra, depending on the type of agent, divided into specific and nonspecific. The group-specific urethritis includes the disease caused by genital infection (Trichomonas, chlamydia, Ureaplasma, gonococci or Mycoplasma). Non-specific urethritis are caused by the pathogenic action of staphylococci, streptococci, fungi, E. coli etc. Diseases manifest and are treated equally but specific urethritis it is necessary to examine all sexual partners of the patient.

Why inflamed urethra? It is always associated with a decrease in immunity of its walls. The infection passes through the urethra constantly, getting there via the blood from the intestine to the skin or through sexual contact. But when the immune system ceases to deal with harmful organisms that causes inflammation.

To provoke the disease can a variety of factors, among which are particularly dangerous hypothermia, genital injuries, physical stress, kidney stones, unhealthy eating, habit to delay urination, chronic inflammation in the body, different medical manipulations are conducted without observance of the sanitary standards (DAB, catheterization).

Types of diseases of the urethra

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Acute urethritis is most often caused by exposure to harmful microorganisms – gonorrhea and Trichomonas. Cause it can also chemical stimuli or injury. Acute urethritis manifests with burning sensation in urethra, pain, frequent urge to urinate. From the inflamed and swelling of the urethra is allocated pus. Sometimes severe inflammation causes swelling of the external opening of the urethra. In such cases, the channels open, as retention of urine can cause more serious symptoms (paraurethral abscesses, urinary fistula).

Acute urethritis treated with anti-inflammatory therapy. Patients are shown antibiotics, sulfonamides, warm baths, drink and rest. Acute urethritis excludes sex.

Chronic urethritis is both specific and nonspecific. Typically, the inflammation affects the internal sex organs. The disease can arise from birth trauma, damage to the urethra during intercourse or Masturbation. The reasons can be a sexually transmitted disease (gonorrhea, trichomoniasis). For chronic urethritis characterized by unpleasant sensations in the urethra, pain in the back, sacrum or groin. Urge to urinate frequent, with pain and burning sensation are not. Sometimes appears in patients with urinary incontinence. Chronic urethritis is treated by eliminating the source of infection. To do this, use antibiotics and chemotherapy.

Granular urethritis is fairly common form of the disease. The reason it becomes diseases of the genital organs of an inflammatory nature. More frequent urge to urinate is the main symptom of granular urethritis. The treatment of the disease have a favorable outcome. Therapy is carried out using dushirovanie mucosa of the urethra with a solution of silver or electrocoagulation. Granular urethritis can recur, so patients should regularly undergo a medical examination.

Senile urethritis is typical for women in menopause. Its symptoms are similar to manifestations of chronic urethritis, but usually longer and more resistant. In women with senile atrophy of the vaginal mucosa, visible redness, possible bleeding. For treatment using sitz baths, vaginal suppositories and chemotherapy.

Premenstrual urethritis appears before menstruation. Usually, symptoms (frequent urge to urinate)last for a short time, completely disappearing during menstruation.

Allergic urethritis is caused by various substances, among them some medicine and food. The disease manifests itself with itching in the urethra, with sensation of pressure. Urethra becomes swollen and stops the output of urine. For treatment use probing urethra and electrocoagulation.

Symptoms of the urethra

Common symptoms of diseases of the urethra are pain and burning sensation of the urethra. Also, the patient may feel severe pain, itching, pressure and other types of discomfort when urinating. The discomfort can spread to the lower back, lower abdomen, sacral region. Characteristic symptom are also purulent discharge from the urethra. Their profusion and the quality depends on the type of pathogen.

It should be remembered that the disease tends to progress, covering all the mucous membrane of the urethra. The symptoms become more pronounced, and after some time develop complications (inflammation of the testicles, stricture of the urethra, prostatitis, seminal vesicle inflammation, balanoposthitis, cystitis, etc.).


Treatment of diseases of the urinary system

Inflammatory diseases of the urinary system treated with antibacterial therapy. The duration and intensity of treatment depend on the type and severity of pathology. Most often the treatment takes place at home. The hospitalized patient is subject to most often, when suppurative complications (abscess of the urethra). Sometimes you may need an introduction into the urethra of various drugs. With swelling and narrowing of the urethra use probing.