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Causes and symptoms of edema

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What is edema?

Swelling is fluid in the tissues of certain parts of the body it increases the volume of the cavity of the skin cease to function normally, the organs prone to swelling.

Distinguish between hydrostatic and gipoproteinemicheskie swelling. The first type refers to swelling, which increases pressure in the capillary.

In the second type of swelling is reduced the contents of blood proteins in plasma, particularly albumin. Reduced oncotic pressure, this occurs in the blood plasma at the exit of the fluid in the tissue in their blood stream.

There is another type of edema – embryogeny. In this case, the toxic damaged capillaries and their permeability increases.


The causes of edema

In the healthy condition of the body fluid portion (plasma) of the blood is output into the intercellular space. Edema this function is broken and produces a transudate from plasma.

The pressure that is on the wall of the vessel with liquid pumped in his heart, is called hydrostatic pressure. If the pressure is increased, then from a blood vessel takes a lot of water. This force is directed from the vessel. In the veins the water is returned in the same vessels, in the blood, since the hydrostatic pressure is negative. At high pressure the fluid in the veins starts to accumulate and some fluid goes to the blood through lymphatic vessels. So sometimes squirrels get into the blood from the tissues through lymphatic vessels. If you block this path, there is swelling.

There is osmotic pressure, which depends on the number of large protein molecules in plasma. In the blood these proteins is much higher than in the tissue fluid. They are able to keep moisture in the blood stream and act in the same direction as salt.

When the imbalance of these three forces the fluid out more and returns less. So there is swelling. Also if you are allergic or vascular disease changes the vascular permeability of the capillaries, and this fact is also important.

The swelling affects the autonomic nervous system, kidneys, glands of internal secretion. These organs secrete substances that impede the body's salt and fluid. And this is the main reason of edema.

Swelling externalthe nature of the defect occurs appearance of a person. If there is swelling of the legs, it prevents a person to live in peace, he can't wear shoes, walk, have pain, sometimes it comes to the education of trophic ulcers. Swelling of the internal organs violate their work function.

Treatment of edema

The doctor prescribes treatment of a disease which was the cause of the edema. Also treatment in order to clean the swelling, if it is common. Swelling people should to stay in bed, limit the intake of salt. Consumption of this salt should now be about one or one and a half grams a day. You should also limit intake of water.

If the patient kahetinsky swelling, he will prescribe the intake of proteins and vitamins. Is recommended diuretics. In this treatment the doctor accurately tracks the amount of urine per day, body weight of the patient, the dynamics of electrolytes in the blood. If low potassium, prescribed diet, rich in this substance. Potassium is part of the prunes, potatoes, apricots.

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afaeva Yuliya Valerievna, doctor-nephrologist