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Parasites in the human body

Looking at the illustrations, which show the parasites in the human body, most people believe that they are not infected, and the risk of infestation is minimal. In favor of this are such arguments as: "I carefully monitor the hygiene of the hands"or"I don't have Pets".

However, the world health organization provides a very dry, but the frightening figures: in the world die each year about 50 million people, with more than 16 million of them cause of death are infectious and parasitic diseases. Infestation of intestinal worms are on the third place on number of patients.

Naturally, such figures make you think about the symptoms of parasitic infestation. It is important to understand that most of the parasites exist in the human body completely asymptomatic. Quite simply said this in his book "principles of medical Parasitology" Dr. Thomas George. Brooke. He calls worms are among the oldest parasites of man, which are perfectly adapted to living conditions in the intestine, so the patient does not even notice their presence.

The content of the article:

Doctor Ross Anderson indicates that make their existence in the human body as seamlessly as possible – the primary goal of each parasite. They should not be considered stupid. They are very smart, of course, in a certain sense, namely their ability to survive and to increase the number of individuals of the species. Of course, the human body sends signals that it is infected, but most people just don't pay attention to them. Really, who thinks about parasitic infestation for frequent colds, pain in joints, constipation, problems with skin or if fatigue?

Statistics relentless in terms of infections. Thus, each 8-9 meeting ends with the parasite infection. About this disturbing fact says a famous physician and author of medical books Zoltan Ron (Canada). He indicates that in North America due to the increasing flow of tourists and migrants at a heightened pacethe pollution of water, soil, food. In addition, people increasingly use various chemicals and antibacterial agents. This has a direct impact on the spread of worms, amoebas, nematodes among the population. Moreover, traditional medicine is not even aware of the scale of the disaster. Very common parasites in meat products, especially sausages, sausages, hams, bacon, chops, etc. Parasites infected almost the entire cattle, poultry, and fish.

Head of the Laboratory of parasitic diseases at the National Institute of Health Dr. F. Nova categorically States that in North America the number of infested people is much greater than in Africa. He also connects this fact with pollution chemicals food and water, and General deteriorating health of the nation.

It is quite understandable that the data provided is very threatening for people, the basis of the diet is fish and meat. Anna Louis Gittelman in his book "guess what came to dinner", and even compares the parasitic disease with the epidemic that hit millions of Americans. Moreover, this epidemic is highly indiscriminate, affecting adults and children, men and women, rich and poor. The main danger, according to A. Gettelman, is that the contagion spreads surreptitiously, and it does not suspect the majority of doctors.

Parasite – an organism that secures its existence at the expense of the owner. The parasites inhabit the human body, live and act, eat human food and energy, and often the human cells and tissues. Recent studies indicate that the body 85% of the population of North America is home to at least one parasite. Some scholars add to this figure another 10%.

Dr. Ross Andersen made a statement regarding the fact that parasitic infestation is the most undiagnosed disease in the world. He admits that he is a very bold statement, but it is based on analysis of data from the case histories of more than 20 thousand patients and many years of experience that exceeds 20 years.

Parasites in the human body can live almost anywhere. For them there are no barriers. They are parasites not only in the intestine but also in liver, joints and muscles, blood, brain, eyes. There are more than 100 species of parasites living in the human body, ranging from the invisible to the eye amoebas and ending with the worms of a few meters.

Head of the Department of pathobiology of the Military Institute of the Walter reed Dr. Peter Wines, indicates that the problem of parasitic diseases is in America very badly, but scientists and doctors still have not realized the full scale of the threat.

To establish that parasites in the human body is really present, by a fence of fecal analysis. This is the traditional and most common method of diagnosis. However, it is very uninformative and unreliable, because to detect the parasite only if the physician assistant will see the larvae through a microscope. But not always worms lay large numbers of eggs, and therefore, during standard research, the parasite may not be detected. Some experts recommend the triple tests, but it does not guarantee obtaining a valid result. It is believed that for the detection of parasites has to make at least 8 or even 10 research of feces.

It was found that the most common parasites that live in human intestines, are precisely the worms. They all have a different shape, can be similar to a wood sheet, bracelet for women, sharpened on both sides of the pencil. However, one thing unites them – they aim to destroy its host, to squeeze out of his body the maximum benefits. In addition, all the parasites are very prolific and viable. It is a mistake to believe that helminthic invasion is exclusively a childhood disease. Very often they suffer from adults, and most people are not even aware of such unpleasant and dangerous neighborhood.


The first signs and symptoms of parasites in humans

That parasites in the human body tend to the most visible existence, is well known. However, our body is very difficult to deceive, and it sends signals to the person that was infected. The main thing is to be able to recognize these signals and to interpret them correctly.

So, the first signs and symptoms of parasites in humans are as follows:

Regular constipation, stasis of bile

Some parasites are able to achieve an impressive size, so they often become mechanical barrier in the gut lumen or the bile ducts.

It violates the natural course of the feces and bile in their ways to form full or partialobstruction. Sometimes patients even develops jaundice (e.g., roundworm).

Diarrhea

Some parasites, in particular protozoa, in the course of their life secrete special substances which are similar to prostaglandins. This, in turn, leads to the loss of body sodium and chloride, which provokes the development of diarrhea.

Flatulence, bloating

If the parasites a place of the dwelling choose the small intestine, it causes a characteristic discomfort in the form of copious gases.

In addition, intestinal inflammation contributes to poor assimilation of nutrients. Fats, which normally had to be processed in the small intestine, fall from it into the colon, causing her cramps, alternating diarrhea and constipation.

Joint and muscle pain

Parasites in the human body have the freedom of movement. They will settle in places where they are most comfortable conditions of existence. This place is often the joint fluid or muscle.

As a result, they either injure joints, or provoke the body's immune response that begins to attack its own joints and muscle tissue that leads to inflammation and pain.

Allergic reactions

Parasites injure the intestinal lining. In the damaged areas of the mucosa can enter undigested food that leads to inflammation, which the body reacts to increased level of eosinophils.

It is the eosinophils are directly involved in allergic reactions. In addition, their strengthening promotes the production of immunoglobulin E. the organism also reproduces in large numbers in response to parasitic invasion.

Skin problems

Parasites in the human body that live in the gut, often provoke atopic dermatitis, eczema, urticaria. Giardia, in turn, are responsible for inflammatory skin reactions. Lack of nutrients and vitamins causes the skin becomes dry, dull and prone to acne.

The decrease or increase of body weight

The weight may fall due to the fact that the parasites eat the nutrients, which were intended person. Sometimes the patient, on the contrary, gaining weight, because the parasites provoke the feeling of hunger, causing a person to take large amounts of food.

Anemia

This problem as anemia is very characteristic of people infected with parasites. Some types of parasitic organisms are able to cling to the walls of the bodies, feeding on human blood.

Also blood loss can happen because of slight internal bleeding due to damage to the jaws of parasites those fabrics which are penetrated by blood vessels.

Trouble sleeping, nervousness

This is due to irritation CNS toxic products that produce the parasites. In addition, some species of parasites can live in the brain and to influence it from the inside.

Teeth grinding in sleep

Often this symptom is alarming parents whose children according to the diagnosis results are infested with parasites. The relationship of bruxism and parasites in traditional medicine still remains unknown.

However, scientists believe that teeth grinding at night is associated with irritant substances secreted by the parasites on the human nervous system.

Chronic fatigue syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome with weakness, drowsiness in the daytime, with the deterioration of all cognitive abilities. The reason for this condition often are just parasites.

A weakened immune system, frequent colds, acute respiratory infections, chronic adenoids, tonsillitis

The immune system weakens, decreases the production of immunoglobulins, designed to deal with the attacks of viruses and bacteria. As a result the person usually begins to ache.

An additional factor that reduces immune defenses, are persistent toxic and allergic reactions, which occur due to parasitic activity of the worms.

The development of cancer

It is established that the risks of the brain increased because of lack of nutrients, prolonged and sluggish inflammatory process in the tissues of an organ. The perpetrators of these pathological conditions are often be parasites.

If a person observes himself or his relative a few of these symptoms, it makes sense to be screened for the presence of helminths in the body.

The above symptoms of parasitic infestation is not all signs that can indicate the presence of parasites in the body. They can be supplemented and modified depending on what kind of alien organism lives in the human body.

Next, consider the symptoms of parasites, depending on their type:

  1. The symptoms of ascariasis. The causative agent is the worm Ascaris, which lives in the human gut.

    Manifestations of ascariasis depend on the age of the patient, on the age and massiveness of infection. Common signs of infestation:

    • The rash of allergic nature (urticaria and vesicular rashes on the body, on the feet, on the hands), accompanied by severe itching.
    • The increase in body temperature, development of fever.

    • Sweating, weakness, General malaise.
    • The increase in liver size, pain inthe right upper quadrant.
    • During migration of Ascaris all patients have a cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, lung rales are heard. There is the chance of developing pleurisy exudative nature.
    • Deteriorating appetite, there is morning sickness, abdominal pain, constipation alternate with diarrhea. The weight is reduced.
    • From the nervous system observed violations such as loss of sleep, loss of memory, symptoms of meningitis, epileptic seizures.

    • In case of massive infection may develop jaundice, liver abscess, intestinal obstruction, appendicitis, pancreatitis, peritonitis.
    • Read more about ascariasis

  2. The symptoms of beef tapeworm infection (beef tapeworm). Beef tapeworm infection is a parasitic disease of man, which is triggered by ingestion of bovine tapeworm.

    Symptoms indicating the presence of bovine tapeworm in the body:

    • A feeling of heaviness in the epigastric region.
    • Heartburn, nausea, urge to vomiting, increased salivation.
    • Often patients complain of unstable stool, bloating and discomfort in the intestines.
    • Intestinal obstruction, appendicitis, obstruction of the biliary tract is observed in multiple infestation.
    • Man is constantly hungry, it greatly increases the appetite, gradually decreased body weight.
    • Parasitism tapeworm leads to vitamin deficiency and insufficient consumption of the nutrients your body.
    • Characteristic of allergic reactions by type of urticaria.

    • Often there is weakness, dizziness, sleep disturbances, headaches, irritability and nervousness.

    • Tapeworm infection can lead to the development of functional cardiovascular disorders, including tachycardia and hypotension.

    • Read more about bullish cane

    It is very dangerous infection of bullish tapeworm for pregnant women, as it increases the risk of premature birth and spontaneous abortion. In some cases, this parasitic invasion proceeds with a complete absence of any symptoms, andpeople know about the infection only if it detects the larvae of tapeworm in the feces or when the worm decides to leave the intestine. He goes through the anus, which is accompanied by quite unpleasant sensations.

  3. Symptoms of enterobiasis (pinworms). Pinworms cause worms, called pinworms. These are the most common parasites in the human body. The people, they are known as intestinal worms.

    Symptoms of worm infestation:

    • Anal itching, which is most pronounced in the evening hours and during night rest. It is due to the migration of female pinworms to the rectum and the process of laying eggs in the perianal folds.

    • Local redness and scratching of the skin may eczema in the anal area.
    • The intense itching provokes sleep disturbances, bruxism, lethargy, drowsiness, fatigue. In children, possible urinary incontinence.
    • Periodically there are abdominal pain, cramping which are of the nature of low intensity. Mainly localized pain in the right iliac region.
    • Appetite often worsens, the stool becomes unstable, possibly alternating constipation and diarrhea.
    • The person concerned flatulence, nausea, can occur sometimes vomiting.

    • Allergic manifestations enterobioza more vulnerable children. Reactions proceed according to the type of atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, bronchial asthma.
    • Occasional headaches, memory loss, deterioration of attention, increased irritability.
    • Read more about pinworm

    Symptoms of enterobiasis will vary depending on the age of the person and the massiveness of invasion. In some instances, pinworms can lead to serious health problems, among which appendicitis, urethritis, cystitis, proctitis, vulvitis, etc.

  4. The symptoms of toxocariasis (Toxocara). Toxocariasis is a common disease that is an affection of the organs and tissues of human parasitic worm Toxocara. Infestation can be hidden, canto have removed the symptoms, and can manifest clear clinical signs.

    In whatever part of the body or parasitized worms, the patient always caused by an allergic reaction that can occur in the following type:

    • A rash on the skin. In appearance rashes similar to mosquito bites the. They can appear on any area of the body.
    • Angioedema. Accompanied by swelling of the skin in the neck and face. You may experience suffocation, and death of the patient.

    • Bronchial asthma, which is manifested in the form of resistant dry cough with little sputum.

    • Read more about toxocariasis

    If toxocariasis acute, the person, the body temperature rises, sometimes to very high marks, there are growing signs of intoxication (headache, loss of appetite), there is a group of swollen lymph nodes.

    Worms can infest the internal organs, the eyes, the epidermis, the tissues of the brain. Depending on this, will vary the symptoms of the disease.

  5. Symptoms of hookworm (necatorosis). The hookworm is a parasitic disease which caused by helminths with hookworm and hookworms. These worms have on the body of his master similar effects.

    The infection is manifested by the following features:

    • During the introduction of larvae through the skin (invasive stage), the person developing the symptoms of urticaria and dermatitis with the appearance of various rashes (rash can be in the form of vesicles, erythema, papules). In the place of infestation observed cutaneous swelling, burning sensation and itching. This period is often stretched for up to 12 days.
    • During the migration of parasite larvae in the human organism (stage of migration) had developed allergic reactions. In addition, the parasites injure the respiratory tract, resulting in pneumonia, bronchitis, tracheitis, laryngitis and other diseases of the respiratory system. The person suffers from cough and shortness of breath, the voice becomes hoarse. May increase the temperature of the body.
    • After 1-2 months after infestation, the larvae reach the intestines (intestinal stage). There adults begin long time to parasitize. Clinically it is manifested in iron deficiency anemia, as the worms injure the intestinal mucosa and provoke the development of bleeding,in addition, they feed on the blood of the host. The patient suffers from symptoms of duodenitis (taste disturbance, vomiting, nausea, epigastric pain, constipation, diarrhea, poor appetite). From the nervous system symptoms such as fatigue, irritability, sleep disorders. Women often have disrupted menstrual cycle.

    Extremely dangerous infection with hookworm in children, as it provokes the delay is not only physical but also mental development.

  6. Symptoms of difillobotrioz (a tapeworm). Difillobotrioz is a parasitic disease that provoke the worms from the group of cestodes, most of all – a tapeworm.

    Disease manifests itself by the following symptoms:

    • Poor appetite, unstable stool, weight loss.
    • Fatigue, subfebrile body temperature.
    • The discharge together with feces of the worm fragments, which have the appearance of white ribbons.
    • Abdominal pain type contractions.
    • Anemia with frequent dizziness, weakness, palpitations, etc.

    • The emergence of the language of the stains is bright red, and painful cracks (hunter's glossitis), which are a consequence of insufficient intake of vitamin B12. In parallel in the pathological process may involve the tongue, gums, cheeks, esophagus. The development of glossitis is accompanied by certain difficulties when eating.
    • If parasites in the human body going to a lot, it is able to provoke intestinal obstruction.
    • Neurological disorders are manifested in the paresthesia, irritability, depression, etc.
    • Read more about diphyllobothriasis

    It should be noted that it is not always difillobotrioz appears bright. Often the only sign which allows to suspect the presence of the parasite in the body, are fragments of the worm, contained in the stool.

  7. Symptoms of teniasis (pork tapeworm). Taeniasis is a parasitic infestation that is caused by lesions of the small intestinal pork tapeworm.

    Symptoms of teniasis can be hidden, and can be clearly expressed:

    • Early patient's complaints boil down to the fact that he had nausea, vomiting,diarrhea or constipation, weight loss and appetite.
    • When a person vomits, the vomit, the possible presence of segments of the pork tapeworm larvae inside.
    • Appear weak abdominal pain, although sometimes they can leak type contractions.
    • Possible anal itching.
    • Frequent dizziness, headaches, quality of sleep, possible fainting.
    • Read more about pork cane

    In 60% of cases of cerebral cysticercosis observed when the larvae of the worm into the cerebral hemispheres. The person begins to suffer from speech defects may develop epilepsy, headaches, mental disorders, delusions, hallucinations, amarkov. In addition, parasites in the human body is able to penetrate into the eye, the heart, the lungs, can parasitize the skin.

  8. The symptoms of echinococcosis (Echinococcus). Echinococcosis is a parasitic disease that is triggered by a band with the helminth Echinococcus. The worm can affect almost any internal organs: liver, lungs, brain, heart, etc. the Symptoms of the disease may for many years be missing at all, and if they occur, are pathognomonic.

    There are three stages of echinococcosis with a characteristic for each stage of symptoms:

    • The latent period, during which the larva is embedded in the fabric.
    • Phase of clinical manifestations expressed in the appearance of pain in the place where it formed a cyst. People have unexplained weakness that develops hives, itching. In addition, there are violations of the work of the body, where he caught the cyst. If the liver is affected, the patient complaining of nausea, poor appetite, feeling of heaviness in the right hypochondrium. If the cyst is localized in the lungs, the person is confronted with fever, chest pain, pursued by a persistent coughmay develop aspiration pneumonia. If the cyst settles in the brain, the disease manifests neurological symptoms with seizures or epilepsy, paresis of arms and legs, etc. With the defeat of the heart occur chest pain, often concerned about the arrhythmias may develop myocardial infarction and other serious cardiopathology.

    • Stage of complications is reduced to the cyst rupture and release of content into the peritoneal or pleural cavity. In the end one develops pleurisy or peritonitis. Also, it is possiblesuppuration of the cyst, accompanied by fever and severe intoxication.

    • Read more about echinococcosis

  9. Symptoms of alveococcosis (alveolar). Alveococcosis is a parasitic disease that caused by larvae of the tapeworm of alveoli. The nature of the disease may be indolent, rapidly progressive or malignant. Until the appearance of the first symptoms of infestation may take 5 to 10 years or more. From time to time the patient will experience itching, hives, no more manifestations of disease is observed.

    Later joined by a dull pain in the right hypochondrium, bitter taste in the mouth, nausea, feeling of pressure and heaviness in the epigastric region. The stomach may be asymmetric, in the liver is palpated dense knot. Man loses weight, experiencing constant weakness and malaise. It is not excluded biliary colic, may develop dyspeptic disorders.

    Alveolar dangerous because it can metastasize to the brain. In this case, the person has a non-focal neurological symptoms with severe pain, vertigo, etc. is Not excluded fatal disease.

  10. The symptoms of giardiasis (Giardia). Giardiasis is a parasitic protozoal infestation, which provoked intestinal lamblia. Asymptomatic carriage occurs in 25% of cases.

    For other cases typical clinical picture:

    • Disruption of the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
    • Complaints of pain in the umbilical area and the right hypochondrium.
    • Characterized by nausea, belching, poor appetite, bloating.
    • The chair is often frothy, may happen up to 5 times a day. Diarrhea alternate with constipation.
    • Once acute form of the disease has passed, infection becomes subacute course. Man begins to lose in weight, occasionally bothering his intestinal symptoms.
    • The heavier the infestation, the more symptoms of intoxication. The prolonged increase in body temperature to subfebrile levels, CNS depression (irritability, fatigue, decreased performance, weakness, nervousness, mood swings).
    • Havechildren giardiasis is often manifested in the form of urticaria, the appearance of ticks, unconscious state, pruritus.
    • Read more about giardiasis

    Amoebiasis is a parasitic disease that is caused histological amoeba. Symptoms of amoebiasis may be absent or, in contrast, appear bright. The clinical picture has two forms: intestinal and extraintestinal. These parasites in the human body are lung, brain, genitourinary system, skin. However, intestinal amebiasis spread wider than just. Its symptoms:

    • Diarrhea. It is the leading symptom of amebiasis. Initially, stool copious, frothy, sometimes up to 6 times per day. Then cal takes on a gelatinous form, there are impurities in the blood, and its frequency increased to 20 times a day.
    • Abdominal occur the intense pain that is localized mainly in the right side.
    • The temperature rises, but only slightly.
    • Acute process subsides gradually after 4-6 weeks fully completed.
    • Read more about amebiasis.

    Self-healing is practically nonexistent, so after some time the symptoms recur again. If intestinal amoebiasis untreated, the intestinal wall will form the education of ameboma, which will further lead to intestinal obstruction.

  11. The symptoms of schistosomiasis (trematode shistosoma). Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by blood flukes (shistosoma).

    The symptoms of schistosomiasis convenient to consider the phase of development of the disease:

    • At an early stage of infestation you suffer allergic reactions, which occur type of urticaria and provoke the emergence of local edema. Sometimes there is a paroxysmal cough with hemoptysis. In the same period can rise the body temperature, increased sweating, there are pains and aches in the muscles.
    • In the chronic stage of the disease the General health is disturbed only rarely, although in particular cases people suffer from dysuric disorders, however, the performance of the patient is maintained. Intestinal form of the disease deteriorating appetite, appear aching pain in the abdominal area, often there is diarrhoea with blood.
    • In severe cases not excluded fatal.

Symptoms of parasites in humans myriad. The severity ofmanifestations depend, primarily, on the state of immunity of the patient and from which the parasite entered the body, and where it is a parasite.

Causes of parasites in the human body

There are various causes of parasites in the human body.

They can get there several ways:

  • Alimentary route, i.e. through the gastrointestinal tract. This occurs most often when the consumption of contaminated food or water.
  • Contact-household path, that is, through household items, from other infected humans, from Pets.
  • There is a transmission route of infection, when parasites enter the human body via blood-sucking insects.
  • Percutaneous path. This method of infection is characterized by the penetration of the parasite inside the host organism through the skin or through mucous membranes.
  • It is not excluded inhalation of the larvae of the parasite together with the dust.

Parasites in fish

Fish is a valuable food for people, but it can be a source of parasitic diseases. Therefore, it is important to know what parasites in fish may cause harm to humans.

Helminths are the most common parasites that live in fish. Most often suffer from helminth cyprinid species: bream, Rudd, silver bream, although infected with helminths can be absolutely any fish. To prevent infection, thoroughly cook the fish, otherwise the risk of transmission of helminths is very high. It is especially dangerous to eat raw fish.

  • Chistoozernoe. Very often, these worms infected smelt, although you can find them in the trout, the salmon, the pink salmon. Fish infected with chistotelom, can be eaten after careful heat treatment.
  • Siberian or Chinese Fluke. It's the worms that are found in the Amur chebacca, crucians, carps, yaze. In humans eating contaminated fish will lead to the development of opisthorchiasis or clonorchiasis.
  • A tapeworm is often found in pike, ruff, burbot, salmon fish.
  • Nanophyetus in humans is caused by trematodes, which often affect salmon, whitefish, grayling and other valuable species of fish.
  • Ligules provoke tapeworms. Basically ligules susceptible cyprinids (bream, silver bream, roach, Rudd). It is noteworthy that after removing the worms from the fish of its meat is edible.
  • Metagonimus in humans cause the worms of the trematode family. They are often found in the Amur bream, carp, whitefish, kgs, krasnoperko and minnows.

It should be noted that any properly cooked fish is not dangerous for human health. It can be safely consumed after quality heat treatment. Also helps to get rid of parasites in fish of its long-term freezing at extremely low temperatures.

Topic: Parasites in herring

Parasites in the meat

Parasites in meat meet no less than in fish. Infection is possible by eating raw or poorly heat-treated meat animals.

The person may face the following diseases:

  • Gnathostomes (pork, chicken). Cause worms from the group of nematodes.
  • Beef tapeworm infection (eating undercooked beef). The causative agent is bovine tapeworm.
  • Taeniasis (eating undercooked pork). The causative agent of the disease is the pork tapeworm.
  • Toxocariasis (eat liver of chicken). The causative agent of the disease are two types of nematodes-Toxocara.
  • Trichinosis (eating undercooked pork). The disease causes worms from the group of nematodes.

Parasites in the mushroom

Any product can be contamination of parasites, so the parasites in fungi is no exception. Malicious maggots can get to the mushrooms from the soil, can be transported by animals. In this respect, it is dangerous to eat poorly washed raw mushrooms.

They may be sources of diseases such as:

  • Ascariasis;
  • Baylisascaris;
  • Parganas;
  • Trihozefalez;
  • The echinococcosis.

To prevent the infestation with fungi, they needthoroughly wash, clean and boil before eating.

Parasites of plants

Parasites from plants can enter the human body if the fact that it uses unprocessed plant foods. Mostly, it's unwashed fruits and vegetables, berries and herbs. Plant parasites that are dangerous to humans generally do not live. However, their larvae can get into plant food during the ripening and harvest, transportation, sale and cooking. Therefore, plant foods may be the source of all the parasites known to man.

In order to prevent infection, it is necessary to carefully handle food. First of all we are talking about washing fruits and vegetables with pre-soaking or under running water or weak soda solution.


What are the parasites?

There are several types of parasites that can live in the human body.

They can be divided into four large groups:

  • Protozoal parasites. This includes Metazoa and protozoa, which live at the expense of its owner. They are distributed worldwide. In the human protozoan parasites able to infect the eye, brain, intestines, blood, esophagus, heart, nerves, muscles, skin, mucous membranes, liver, female and male urogenital system. Widely distributed protozoan parasites such as Toxoplasma, Trichomonas, Giardia, herpes, blastocyst, etc.
  • Worms. They affect mainly the human intestine, although they can exist in lymph nodes, in the lungs, under the skin, kidney, gall bladder, blood, eyes, brain, muscles, etc. That is, the worms can live in the human body almost anywhere.
  • Ectoparasites, which include lice, bedbugs, itch mites, blowfly maggots. They can parasitize in the hair follicles in the eyelashes, on the skin and in wounds of man.
  • Other parasites, which include sand fleas, mosquitos, larvae of some flies, etc. They are parasitic mainly in the subcutaneous tissue, although able to hit the nasopharynx and urethra.

Read more: Types of parasites in the bodyman


Some parasites are particularly common in Russia?

On the territory of Russia are particularly common are the following types of parasites:

Parasite

The area of distribution

Pork tapeworm

Distributed throughout Russia, is often found in Belarus and Ukraine.

A tapeworm

Karelia, the far East, South Siberia, the Volga region, the Baltic States, Kazakhstan, the Baikal region. Frequent infections in the basins of rivers Irtysh, Ob, Dnepr.

Roundworm, pinworm

Across Russia.

Whipworm

Tropics, subtropics. The Russians are infected mainly during the holidays.

Trichinella

East, North and Central part of the country as well as Belarus and Ukraine.

Dwarf tapeworm

Across Russia, but prefers the hot climate.

Liver Fluke

Throughout Russia, particularly common in Asia, the Transcaucasia and the Baltic States.

Beef tapeworm

Throughout Russia, Central Asia, Transcaucasia.

Lung Fluke

Distributed in the far East

Fluke

In Kazakhstan, near the Volga, don, Ob, Irtysh. Common in Western Siberia.

Tapeworm and alveoli

Yakutia, Altai, Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, Krasnodar, Rostov, Volgograd, Stavropol region, Moldova, Ukraine, Transcaucasia.

Fluke Chinese

In the far East and in close proximity of the Amur river.


What diseases are caused by parasites?

Parasites cause people a variety of diseases. Often they have the same name as the parasite itself.

Thus, parasitic worms or helminths provoke different worms:

  • The trematode (flukes);
  • The cestodosis (tapeworms);
  • The nematodes (round worms);
  • Hirudinea (leeches);
  • The akantotsefalezov (acanthocephala) infestation.

In addition, depending on which strikes a particular parasite, there are:

  • The myiasis, cysticercosis, demodicosis, onchocerciasis (eye disease).
  • Ascariasis, hookworm, trichinosis, enterobiasis, intestinal myiasis, metagonimus and other less common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Diseases of the brain: toxoplasmosis, cysticercosis, echinococcosis, alveococcosis.

  • Dermatological diseases: tick-borne dermatitis, scabies, pediculosis, ftiras, trombitas, pulicosis.

  • Lung disease: ascariasis, tomingas, echinococcosis, acariasis, etc.
  • Liver disease: alveococcosis, opisthorchiasis, clonorchiasis, echinococcosis.
  • Diseases of the oral and nasal cavity, ear measy.
  • Heart disease: echinococcosis, dirofilaria.

  • Diseases of the bladderand reproductive organs: urinary myiasis type, echinococcosis, alveococcosis.
  • Of vascular disease: schistosomiasis, filaretos.

Diagnosis of parasites

Diagnosis of parasites in recently, been confined to the duodenal sensing and analysis of feces with a microscope. It is possible to visualize either the parasites themselves in the human body, or their eggs. If you suspect parasites living in the liver, pancreas or biliary tract was required fence duodenal contents. It is also possible to detect the parasites in the sputum from the lungs (paragonimus) and in urine (schistosomiasis). However, the accuracy of these methods remained very low and depended on, you will notice that the technician of parasites in the sampled content. In addition, there is a possibility that the parasite has simply postponed the eggs, and means to detect it will fail.

Modern medicine offers more advanced methods. So, with the help of immunological studies of blood can be quickly and with high accuracy to detect almost any parasitic invasion. This so-called ELISA tests, which detect antibodies produced by the body in response to incident infection. However, ELISA tests have replaced traditional methods of detection of parasites, their use also necessary. But the sensitivity of ELISA methods is higher.

In addition, to determine the presence of parasites not only during exacerbations but also in the larval stage by using serological techniques, including:

  • RGA;
  • RAL;
  • RSK;
  • RIF.

To help doctors come along with such survey methods as MRI, CT, ultrasound, endoscopy and indoniesia. They help in the diagnosis of parasitic infestation, if indicated.

A highly sensitive method for the detection of parasitic infestation is PCR diagnostics. However, it does not give information on the severity of the disease and the number of parasites in the human body.


Treatment of parasitic infestations

Treatment for parasitic infestation is within the competence of an infectious disease physician. To engage in self-diagnosis and medication is impossible. The vast majority of helminth infections can be treated with specific antiparasitic therapy.

The doctors have in their Arsenal of highly effective drugs, enablingquickly relieve the body from invasion. It is drugs such as Madamin, Pyrantel, Thiabendazole, Mebendazole, Albendazole and other medication.

  • The liver trematodozov, cestodosis and intestinal schistosomiasis can be successfully treated by chemotherapy using Praziquantel.
  • Ascariasis is recommended for patients receiving Levamisole. In enterobioze, ankilostomidoze and trihozefaleze appoint Medamin and Mebendazole.
  • Pyrantel to treat worm infestations does need to be taken once.
  • A wide spectrum of antiparasitic activity Albendazole has.
  • For getting rid of trematode prescribed Praziquantel.
  • It is important that anti-parasitic therapy received by all members of the family or colleagues. Strict observance of hygienic measures aimed at prevention of re-invasion. In addition, doctors always recommend a repeat course of anti-parasitic medication 10 days later.
  • In the acute period, patients are also prescribed symptomatic therapy, which usually is based on receiving a sedative and antiallergic drugs.
  • Glucocorticoids is recommended for use in hard current helminthiasis.

It is important to understand that all anti-parasitic drugs have a toxic effect and often have a negative impact not only on parasites but also on the human body. Long-term treatment of antiparasitic drugs in high doses has a negative impact on health and cause a number of serious violations in the work of organs and systems. Among these complications: cirrhosis, hepatitis, nephritis, renal failure, etc.

In some cases, required surgical intervention.

Read more: Effective treatment of parasites in children and adults


To clean or not?

As for cleansing organisms from parasites, doing it does not make sense only for the reason that it has become fashionable and popular. If a person has no symptoms of infestation, and only occasionally observed indigestion, it is better just to move to a more sparing diet and adjust your lifestyle.

The nature has disposed so that the human gut was a "haven" for bacteria. Without them man could not exist. Even such dangerous microorganisms asStaphylococcus aureus and Candida the right person, as they participate in the food chain and are food for beneficial bacteria.

If a person is healthy, the body works as a coordinated system, and nothing will break its functioning. A strong immune system will not allow any parasite to harm the body. However, the weakening of protective forces, irrational nutrition, because of the medication, operation of the internal ecosystem of the body is broken, and the parasites have the opportunity to get to harm. In this case, you should get rid of them by all available means. You should clean not only the liver but the whole body.