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Diet in renal failure

Diet in renal failure is designed to normalize or maintain metabolic, excretory, filter, krovetvornuu and other functions of the kidneys. Unacceptable irritation of the organs, so the diet should be as lenient as possible for them. Diet is a prerequisite for the treatment of both chronic and acute renal failure, it is included in the General scheme of treatment of this pathological process.

The diet is based on restricting the consumption of protein and salt. However, if you exclude a protein from the menu completely, the body begins to destroy its own tissue as if to completely abandon salt, it threatens giponatriemii, which affects the filtration ability of the kidneys. Therefore, doctors strongly recommend to use developed by specialists of the tables that have the optimal ratio of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and adapted for a specific disease. So, for patients with renal insufficiency it is advisable to stick with the diet at number seven. Naturally, individual approach and no one cancels in the table, with the permission of the attending doctor, to make certain amendments. Nevertheless, it is a diet number 7 need to be based on.

In addition, there are various variants of this diet table, which is adapted to the particular stage of the disease:

  • Diet 7a is suitable when pronounced chronic renal failure. It enables to spare the kidneys, promotes removal from the body of nitrogenous wastes and protein compounds. With its help it is possible to get rid of edema and reduce blood pressure.
  • Diet number 7b is suitable for patients with moderate renal failure chronic. It also facilitates the removal of the load from the running of the nephron and allows you to excrete decay products.
  • Can chronic failure to use a diet 7V. It is suitable for patients in the initial stages of chronic kidney failure, as it allows to normalize the level of cholesterol, makes up for the loss of protein, reduces the severity of edema.
  • Diet number 7G suitable for patients at end-stage failure and exacerbation of the disease. It is recommended to follow patients on hemodialysis.

  • As for the diet at number seven, it can be used during remission of acute failure, when there is a period of recovery from the underlying disease,caused this pathological process (nephritis, glomerulonephritis , etc.).

In addition, the selection of diet table should take into account what the background of disease has the patient, for example, heart disease and vessels, disease of the gastrointestinal tract, disorders in the functioning of the endocrine system, etc.

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Diet for chronic renal insufficiency in compensated and intermittent stage

Nutrition at these stages should be as gentle to the kidneys. It is important to help detoxify the breakdown products of metabolism, to reduce pressure and swelling due to the excess fluid.

Proteins are severely restricted. They are no more than 20 g per day, with 75% of them must have plant origin. Under the restriction gets salt. Fats and carbohydrates are also reduced, but in moderation. Total daily calories should not exceed 2200 kcal. Under the absolute ban products with oxalic acid, essential oils, extractive substances.

Processing of food – sparing, products you can boil, bake, fry a little. The bread should not contain salt. All meals are also prepared without adding sodium chloride. This diet should be followed for 6 days, but no more.

Products that are not:

  • Flour and bread salt;
  • Soups: mushroom, meat, cereals, legumes, milk soup;
  • All fish and meat products which have undergone secondary processing is canned food, sausages, semi-finished products, etc.;
  • Cheeses;
  • Cereals – the exception to this is rice;
  • Pasta, legumes;
  • Vegetables pickled, fermented and salted;
  • Spinach, cauliflower, sorrel, garlic, radish;
  • Ice cream chocolate pudding with milk;
  • Sauces based on prohibited products, pepper, horseradish, mustard;
  • Mineral water with sodium, coffee, cocoa.

Sample menu for one day may resemble the following:

  • For Breakfast: rice porridge tea with sugar.
  • On the second Breakfast: boiled egg, broth hips.
  • Lunch: vegetable soup (potatoes, carrots, onions,sago), boiled beef, fruit jelly.
  • Afternoon snack: carrot burgers with sour cream.
  • Dinner: zrazy steam fish, vegetable salad with vegetable oil, tea with lemon.

Diet in chronic renal failure in the latent stage

This diet involves the replacement excreted in the urine protein, promotes normalization of metabolism, reduces cholesterol level. Adhering to the dietary table at number 7b we can get rid of edema, regulate blood pressure.

Animal fats should be decreased moderately at least 30% must be fats of vegetable origin. While proteins make up 125 g from the daily diet, but it is important that 65% of them were of animal origin. Salt and sugar fall under the restriction, lipotropic substances have to come in increased amounts. The volume of daily free fluid – not more than 800 ml. that is, if you divide the fluid intake by 5 times, the average dose on one approach should amount to 150 ml.

Products that fall under the ban:

  • The dough is flaky and rich, ordinary bread.
  • Broths based on meat, fish, mushrooms;
  • Fatty meat and meat products;
  • Sausages, smoked products, canned food;
  • Fish salty, fatty, smoked, caviar;
  • Sharp cheese;
  • Radish, sorrel, spinach;
  • Chocolate pastry cream;
  • Mustard, radish, horseradish, pepper;
  • Mineral water with sodium, and cocoa.

Sample menu for one day:

  • Breakfast: carrot cakes, fruit juice.

  • Lunch: broth hips, with cream cheese.
  • Lunch: vegetable soup with noodles, a salad of cucumbers and greens, zrazy steam chicken with mashed potatoes.
  • Afternoon snack: berry jelly with tea.
  • For dinner: braised rabbit in tomato sauce, buckwheat boiled fruit pudding, green tea with lemon. Before going to sleep should drink a Cup of yogurt.

Diet for end-stage acute and chronic renal failure

Diet designed to reduce side effects from ongoing hemodialysis, is designed to balancethe nutrition of the patient, with consideration of the peculiarities of metabolism.

Salt is sharply restricted, protein per day you need to consume no more than 60 gwhile 75% of them must have animal origin. The amount of liquid is also reduced to 700 ml per day. Possible results of salt 3 gin that case, if blood pressure is normal and no swelling. Products with potassium also fall under the restriction. Vital for the human organism amino acids, the person needs to obtain eggs, fish, meat and dairy products, but in limited quantities. Fish and meat are cooked to improve their taste using salt-free sauces, condiments.

Fall under the ban of the following products:

  • All the bread, except for salt and wheat and flour products;
  • Broths based on fish, meat, mushrooms;
  • Dried fruits, rhubarb, spinach, sorrel, mushrooms;
  • The vegetables in the marinade, pickles;
  • Sausage, greasy and salted fish, caviar, canned food;
  • Cheeses;
  • Chocolate;
  • Refractory fats, cocoa.

Sample menu for one day:

  • Breakfast: egg, soft-boiled, salad vegetables, seasoned with vegetable oil, tea.
  • On the second Breakfast: baked Apple.
  • Lunch: vegetable soup with low-fat sour cream, boiled beef, pear jelly, compote.
  • At lunch: salt-free bread with curd cream and herbs.
  • Dinner: zrazy potato, boiled Turkey, a decoction of wheat bran.

If fluid volume were not filled during the day, before bedtime can drink a decoction of rose hips (150 ml).