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Wounds

Types and treatment of wounds


Types of wounds

A wound is any violation of the integrity of tissue obtained due to the mechanical effects of certain external things. The degree of damage to the tissues of the body depends on the size, shape, weight of the object causing the injury, the strength and speed which produced this effect. According to this, the wound can be sliced, chopped, cut, bruised, crushed, torn, bitten and gunshot.

Sliced, chopped and stab wounds bring less destruction of tissue than other types as it is wound with a small area of damage. A large area of damage torn, bruised, bitten and crush wounds. Gunshot wounds may have different damage zone. Wounds received at random, always infected.


The symptoms and for wounds

Depending on the degree of tissue damage, contamination and the condition of the immune system of a person is expressed symptoms and for wounds.

The person injured, always in pain, the wound usually diverge region, there is bleeding. More sensitive than nerves to the point of injury, the more pain. In various injuries the pain can be weak and completely invisible or so intense that a person develops a traumatic shock.

The strength of the bleeding depends on the size and quantity of damaged blood vessels. If the damage is very large blood vessels, death can occur after a couple of minutes. Otherwise, the bleeding usually stops and healing yourself. From the look of damaged tissue and size of the wound depends on the gaping wounds.

The treatment of wounds

Primarily in the treatment of wounds it is necessary to determine the strength of the bleeding, its danger, the degree of damage to the tissues of the body. The victim should be given first aid to stop the bleeding, took measures to protect wounds from getting harmful microbes and eliminate pain.

Minor cut and puncture wounds are simply treated with antiseptic and apply a bandage. To the wound apply sterile gauze and its circumference is cleaned with alcohol cotton. Then the circumference of the wound smeared with iodine solution (5-10%). If the wound is gaping, its edges are excised, suture or bandage.

Treatment of wounds with a large area of damage is much more complex. In addition to cleaning the skin around the wound, it is necessary to examine, remove, sterile instruments, foreign bodies, resect the damaged tissue cut out. Followed by treatment of the wound with antiseptic and drain.

All injured in one way or another bring the pain, so you need to take measures to eliminate them. If a person has developed traumatic shock, first of all you need to bring him out of this state, and then you can start treatment and surgical intervention. After surgery the patient provide rest and administered tetanus toxoid 3000 AE.

If the wound is festering and there is a pronounced inflammatory process, it is washed with hydrogen peroxide, remove dirt and torn fabric, bandage with antiseptics and antibiotics.


Wounds of various organs

Wounds of the abdominal organs are most often gunshot or stab. Pain when they observed a very sharp and strong, can develop a painful shock. Such injuries require immediate surgical intervention.

Wounds of the chest could be gunshot and stab, penetrating and non-penetrating. Non-penetrating wounds are less dangerous, damaging only the soft tissue and ribs. The severity of a penetrating injury depends on the damaged organ.

When the wounds of the pleura may develop a pneumothorax (without damage to major blood vessels) and hemothorax (damage to a large intercostal and thoracic arteries).

Wounds of the heart are penetrating, stab and gunshot. They are often characterized by important damage to major vessels and the heart. The pain is severe, there is dizziness, shortness of breath. In the diagnosis of wounds of the heart emergency surgery is needed.

Traumatic brain injuries can be penetrating or nonpenetrating. In penetrating wounds the damage is applied to the soft tissues, while penetrating rigid sheath and brain substance. The forecast for non-penetrating wounds are quite favorable. Treatment enough treatment of wounds, suturing. If non-penetrating injury damaged the bones of the skull, you may experience bruising or osteomyelitis. Clinical manifestations of wounds of the skull and brain are varied. Some of them cause instant death, others concussion, shock or injury. In all head injuries require hospitalization and tests.