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Treatment of schizophrenia - 10 modern methods, the list of medicines and drugs

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Principles of treatment of schizophrenia

Schizophrenia – a mental disorder (according to the modern classification of ICD-10 a group of disorders) with a chronic course, causing the disintegration of emotional responses and thought processes. To cure it fully impossible. However, prolonged therapy can restore social activity and work capacity of a person to prevent psychosis , and achieve remission.

The treatment of schizophrenia traditionally consists of three stages:

  • Stopping therapy – therapy to relieve psychosis. The purpose of this phase of treatment is to suppress positive symptoms of schizophrenia – delusions, hebephrenia, catatonia, hallucinations;
  • Stabilizing therapy is used to maintain the results of acute treatment, its objective is to bring out the positive symptoms of all kinds;
  • Supportive therapy is aimed at maintaining a stable state of the psyche of the patient, prevention of recurrence, the maximum separation in time following psychosis.

Stopping therapy should be conducted as early as possible; it is necessary to consult a specialist as soon as the first signs of psychosis, so as to stop the already developed psychosis is much more difficult. In addition, psychosis can cause personality changes that deprive man of health and opportunity to engage in normal daily activities. So the changes were less pronounced, and the patient remains able to lead a normal life, it is necessary to stop an attack.

Currently, developed, tested and widely used such methods of therapy on schizophrenia: psychopharmacology, different types of shock-coma therapyhigh-tech, stem cell therapy, traditional psychotherapy, treatment with cytokines and detoxification of the body.

Inpatient treatment required at the moment of psychosis, and then heavily attack the stabilizing and supportive therapy can be performed on an outpatient basis. The patient who underwent treatment and is in remission, you still need to undergo annual screening and to enroll in inpatient treatment for correction of possible pathological changes.

In fact, the time for effective treatment of schizophrenia following a psychotic is one year and longer. From 4 to 10 weeks spent on the relief of an attack and the suppression of positive symptoms, then to stabilize the results you need six months of intensive therapy in hospital and 5-8 months of outpatient treatment to prevent relapse, it is sufficient to achieve a sustained remission and conduct social rehabilitation of the patient.


Methods of treatment of schizophrenia

Methods for the treatment of schizophrenia are divided into two groups – biological and psychosocial methods of therapy:

  • Psychosocial therapy includes cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychotherapy and family therapy. These techniques, though not give instant results, but prolong remission, improve the efficiency of biological methods to return people to normal life in society. Psychosocial therapy may reduce the dosage of drugs and duration of stay in the hospital, makes a person able to independently perform daily tasks and to monitor its status, which reduces the likelihood of recurrence;
  • Biological treatment methods – lateral, insulin shock, prepolarization, electro-convulsive therapy, detoxification, transcranial micropolarization and magnetic brain stimulation, and psychopharmacology, and surgical methods of treatment;
  • The use of drugsthat affect the brain is one of the most effective methods of biological treatment of schizophrenia, allowing to remove the productive symptoms, to prevent the destruction of personality, disturbances in thinking, will, memory and emotions.

Modern treatment of schizophrenia in the period of the attack

During attack psychosis or schizophrenia need to take all measures for its early relief. Atypical antipsychotics are neuroleptics, it is modern drugs that not only remove productive symptoms (auditory or visual hallucinations and delusions), but also to reduce the possible violations of the speech,memory, emotion, will and other mental functions, thus minimising the risk of destruction of the individual patient.

Drugs of this group are prescribed not only to patients at the stage of psychosis, but also used for relapse prevention. Atypical antipsychotics effective in the case when other antipsychotics in a patient allergic.

The effectiveness of acute treatment depends on such factors:

  • The duration of the disease – in the duration of up to three years the patient has a higher chance of successful treatment with prolonged period of remission. Cupping therapy removes psychosis, and relapse of the disease when correctly performed stabilizing and anti-relapse treatment may not occur until the end of life. If schizophrenia the patient lasts from three to ten years and longer, the effectiveness of therapy is reduced;
  • The age of the patient – schizophrenia at a later age easier to treat than adolescent onset schizophrenia;
  • The beginning and course of psychotic disorders with acute onset of illness with bright flow, which is characterized by strong emotional expression, the expressed affects (phobias, manic, depressive, anxiety) respond well to treatment;
  • Warehouse person – if prior to the first psychosis patient had a harmonious and balanced warehouse person, the chances of successful treatment more than people with the immaturity and underdevelopment of intelligence before the debut of schizophrenia;

  • Cause of exacerbation of schizophrenia – if the attack was caused by exogenous factors (stress from loss of loved ones or overvoltage at work, in preparation for an exam or competition), the treatment is fast and effective. If exacerbation of schizophrenia occurred spontaneously without apparent reason, the relief of an attack is harder;

  • Character disorder – by the pronounced negative symptomatology of the disease (disturbances in thinking, emotional perception, willpower, memory and concentration), the treatment is longer, the efficiency is reduced.

Treatment of psychotic disorders (delusions, hallucinations, delusions and other positive symptoms)

Psychotic disorders cropped drugs neuroleptics, which are divided into two groups: conventional antipsychotics and the more modern atypical antipsychotics. The choice of drug is based on clinical, conventional antipsychotics are used if atypical antipsychotics are ineffective.

  • Olanzapine is a potent antipsychotic that may be assigned to all patients with schizophrenia during an attack.
  • Activating the antipsychotic Risperidone and Amisulpride prescribed for psychosis, in which delusions and hallucinations alternate with negative symptoms and depression.
  • Quetiapine is prescribed if the patient during psychosis there is increased excitability, broken speech, delusions and hallucinations with strong agitation.
  • Conventional or classic antipsychotics prescribed for challenging forms of schizophrenia – catatonic, undifferentiated and hebephrenic. They are used for the treatment of prolonged illness, if the treatment of the above atypical antipsychotics had no effect.
  • When paranoid schizophrenia was prescribed Treseder.
  • For the treatment of catatonic and hebephrenic used Mazheptil

If these drugs were ineffective, the patient is prescribed antipsychotic drug with a selective action, one of the first drugs in this group is Haloperidol. It eliminates productive symptoms of psychosis – delusions, skills, psychomotor agitation, verbal hallucinations. However, among its side effects with prolonged use include neurological syndrome, which is manifested by stiffness in the muscles and tremor in the limbs. To prevent these effects, doctors prescribe Trihexyphenidyl or the other drugs-correctors.

Treatment for paranoid schizophrenia use:

  • Metherasine – if the attack is accompanied by systematized delusions;
  • Triftazin – with anecdotal delusions during psychosis;
  • Moditen – by the pronounced negative symptoms with speech disorders, mental activity, emotions and will.

Atypical antipsychotics, which combine the properties of atypical and conventional drugs – Piportila and Clozapine.

Treatment with antipsychotics occurs 4-8 weeks from the beginning of the attack, after which the patient is transferred to a stabilizing treatment with a dose of the drug or change the medication to another with a softer action. Extras can be assigned to drugs, relieving agitation.

Reducing the emotional intensity of the experience associated with delusions and hallucinations

Antipsychoticdrugs given for two to three days after symptoms, the choice depends on the clinical picture, with the introduction of Diazepam intravenously combine:

  • Quetiapine is prescribed to patients who have pronounced maniacal excitation;

  • Clopixol, is prescribed for the treatment of psychomotor excitement which is accompanied by anger and aggression; can be applied for treatment of alcoholic psychosis, schizophrenia in people who are in a state of withdrawal after ingestion of alcohol or drugs;

  • Clopixol-Acupat – prolonged form of the drug is appointed, if the patient is unable to take the medication.

If the above antipsychotics were ineffective, the doctor may prescribe conventional neuroleptics with sedative effect. Treatment course – 10-12 days, such duration necessary to stabilize the patient's condition after the attack.

To conventional neuroleptics with sedative effects include:

  • Chlorpromazine is prescribed for aggressive manifestations and anger during the attack;
  • Tisercinum – if the clinical picture is dominated by anxiety, restlessness and confusion;

  • Melperone, Propazin, Chlorprothixene is prescribed to patients aged 60 years or people with diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys and liver.

Neuroleptic drugs used to treat psychomotor excitation. To reduce the degree of emotional tension of the patient caused by auditory, verbal or visual hallucinations and delusions, additionally prescribe antidepressants and normotimiki. These drugs should be taken in the future as part of the supporting anti-relapse therapy, because they not only facilitate the subjective condition of the patient and adjust his mental disorders, but also allow him quickly to be reintegrated into normal life.

Treatment of the depressive component in the emotional disorders

The depressive component of psychotic episode is removed with the help of antidepressants.

Among the antidepressants to treat the depressive component of schizophrenia distinguish the group of inhibitors of reverse capture of serotonin. Most commonly prescribed venlafaxine and Ixelles. Venlafaxine removes anxiety and Ixelles successfully cope with the dreary component of depression. Cipralex combines both of these steps.

Heterocyclic antidepressants are used as drugsa second line when the low effectiveness of the above means. Their action is more powerful, but acceptance by patients worse. Amitriptyline relieves anxiety, Imipramine removes dreary component, and Clomipramine successfully cope with all forms of depression.

Treatment manic component in the emotional disorders

Manic component helps to remove the combination of neuroleptics with normotimiki as during a psychotic episode, and later when anti-relapse therapy. The drugs of choice in this case – normotimiki Alproka and Depakine, quickly and effectively eliminate manic symptoms. If a manic symptom is weak, prescribe Lamotrigine – he has the least side effects and good tolerability by patients.

The greatest efficiency in the treatment of manic disorders emotional component give the lithium salt, but they should be used with caution, as with classical neuroleptics, they interact badly.

Treatment of psychosis, drug-resistant

Pharmaceuticals do not always have the effectiveness in the treatment of schizophrenia. Then talk about the human resistance to the drugs similar to resistance to antibiotics produced by bacteria have the effect.

In this case, is to resort to intensive methods of influence:

  1. Electroconvulsive therapy – short course is held simultaneously with neuroleptics. For use electroconvulsive the patient is administered General anesthesia, due to which the complexity of the procedure becomes the same surgery. Such extreme treatment usually provokes a variety of disorders of cognitive functions: attention, memory, conscious analysis and information processing. These effects are present when using bilateral electroconvulsive, but there is also unilateral application of the treatment more gentle to the nervous system.

  2. Insulinoma therapy – intense biological effects on the patient huge doses of insulin causing hypoglycemic coma. Appointed in the absence of any result from the use of medications. Intolerance to pharmaceutical products is an absolute indication for the use of this method. The so-called insulin shock therapy, invented in 1933, is used to this day fortreatment of schizophrenia in episodic or continuous course of paranoid form. The adverse dynamics of the disease is an additional reason for the appointment insulinomas therapy. When sensual delirium becomes interpretative, and anxiety, mania and confusion are replaced by suspicion and uncontrolled malignancy, the doctor is inclined to use this method. The procedure is performed without the interruption of a course of neuroleptic drugs.

    Currently, there are three ways to use insulin for the treatment of schizophrenia:

    • Traditional – subcutaneous administration of the active substance is made by the course with regular (often daily) with increasing doses until until provoked by coma. The effectiveness of this approach is the highest;
    • Forced – insulin is introduced through a dropper to achieve the maximum concentration for one daily injection. This method of inducing hypoglycemic coma allows the body to move the procedure with the least harmful consequences;
    • Potentiated – involves conducting insulin shock therapy on the background of the lateral physiotherapy, which is carried out by stimulation of the skin by electricity in those places where the nerves to the cerebral hemispheres. Insulin may both the first and second method. Thanks to physical therapy could shorten treatment and to concentrate the effect of the procedure on the symptoms of hallucinations and delusions.

  3. Hypothermia craniocerebral – specific method that is used in toxicology and drug abuse primarily for the relief of severe forms of the condition the "break-up". The treatment consists in gradual reduction of the brain temperature for the formation of neurotoxity from nerve cells. There is a confirmation of the efficiency of the method in the treatment of catatonic form of schizophrenia. It is especially recommended because of the occasional stability of the pathology of a variety of drugs.

  4. Lateral therapy is a method hard the relief of psychomotor excitation, hallucinogenic, manic and depressive in nature. Is to conduct electroanalgesia a certain area of the cerebral cortex. Electricity "resets" the neurons just as the computer starts up after a failure in the electric network. Thus, break off the previously formed abnormal connections, and thus achieves a therapeutic effect.

  5. Detoxification –a rare decision made to compensate for side effects from taking heavy medication type antipsychotics. Most often used when complications of neuroleptics, Allergy to similar drugs, resistance or lowered sensitivity to drugs. Detoxification is the procedure of hemosorption.

Sorption is activated charcoal or ion exchange resins, is able specifically to absorb and neutralize the chemical components remaining in the blood after intake of heavy medicines. Hemosorption is carried out in several stages, thereby increasing sensitivity to the drugs prescribed after the procedure.

If there is a prolonged duration of psychosis or extrapyramidal disorders, such as impaired coordination, and Parkinson's disease arising from prolonged courses of treatment conventional antipsychotics, appointed by plasmapheresis (blood sampling with subsequent removal of the liquid part – plasma containing harmful toxins and metabolites). As during hemosorption, any of prescribed pharmaceuticals are canceled after plasmapheresis to re-start a milder course with a lower dosage or change medications used.

Interesting: 15 most effective drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia, according to the survey people


A stabilizing treatment of schizophrenia

To stabilize the patient's condition is necessary for 3 to 9 months from the date of complete healing from schizophrenia. First of all, during stabilization of the patient is necessary to achieve the cessation of hallucinations, delusions, manic, and depressive symptoms. In addition, in the process of treatment is necessary to restore the full functionality of the patient, close to its state before the attack.

The stabilizing treatment is completed only in achieving remission, followed by maintenance therapy against relapse.

The drugs of choice are considered, primarily, Amisulpride, Quetiapine and Risperidone. They used low doses for mild correction of such symptoms of schizophrenia as apathy, anhedonia, speech disorders, lack of motivation and will.

Other drugs have use, if people can not constantly take antipsychotics alone, and his family can't control that. Long-acting drugs can be taken once a week, these include Klopicksol Depot, Rispolept-Konsta and Fluanxol Depot.

When symptoms of neurosisnature, including phobias and high anxiety, take Fluanxol Depot, whereas in case of hypersensitivity, irritability, and manic symptoms helps Klopicksol Depot. To remove residual hallucinations and delusions may Rispolept-Konsta.

Conventional neuroleptics are administered in an extreme case, if all the above drugs are not up to the task.

In the stabilizing treatment used:

  • Haloperidol is used if the attack is bad and not docked to the end, the drug removes residual psychotic phenomena to enhance the stability of remission. Is prescribed Haloperidol with caution, as it may provoke extrapyramidal disorders, neurological syndrome. Be sure to combine with the drugs proofreaders;
  • Triftazin used for the treatment of episodic paranoid schizophrenia;
  • Moditen-Depot – removes residual hallucinatory symptoms;
  • Piportila – used to treat schizophrenia paranoid or catatonic forms.

Support (anti-relapse) treatment of schizophrenia

Maintenance treatment is required to prevent relapse of the disease. For a good coincidence of various circumstances with this type of therapy there is a significant prolongation of remission and partial or even full recovery of the social functions of the patient. Medications prescribed for relapse prevention, can correct disorders of memory, of will, too much emotional sensitivity and thought processes that are caused by a state of psychotic disorder.

The course of treatment is usually two years, if the psychotic episode was the first time. After the repetition of anti-relapse therapy should last at least five years. Rarely, but comes to the fact that psychosis happens a third time. In this case the treatment has to continue until the end of life, otherwise a relapse is inevitable.

List of drugs used for maintenance therapy, nahoditya the same doses as in the treatment of seizures, but in much smaller doses – no more than one-third of the amount needed for the traditional relief of psychosis.

Non-drug treatment

Among the most effective drugs supporting anti-relapse therapy it is possible to allocate Risperidone, Quetiapine, Amisulpride and other atypical antipsychotics. By lowering individualsensitivity to the active substances in addition to the above medicines can prescribe Sertindole.

Even when atypical antipsychotics do not bring the desired effect, and stabilize a patient with remission is not possible, use of conventional antipsychotic medications: Piportila, Moditen-Depot Haloperidol, Triftazin.

The prolonged (depot) forms of medications can be administered in case the patient fails to regularly take drugs, and his guardians are unable to control it. Depositing Fluanxol Depot, Klopicksol Depot and Rispolept-Konsta produced by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection once a week.

Another group of pharmaceutical agents used in anti-relapse therapy – normotimiki that demonstrate a high effectiveness in the treatment of schizophrenia sluggish type. In such cognitive disorders as panic attacks and depression, is appointed Alproka and Depakine. Salts of lithium, Lamotrigine help to remove passive disorders – anxiety and sad mood, and Carbamazepine is indicated for patients with a tendency to irritable behavior and aggression.

Non-pharmacological methods of anti-relapse therapy

  • The lateral physiotherapy is used to enhance the effectiveness of drug treatment. The method consists in the electrical effect on the skin, adjustable right or left hemisphere of the brain.
  • Lateral phototherapy has been used successfully for treating a variety of phobias, increased or decreased sensitivity, anxiety, paranoia and other symptoms of neurosis. During the treatments phototherapy the right and left parts of the retina alternately exposed to the light pulses, the frequency of which depends on the stimulating or calming effect.
  • Intravascular laser irradiation – cleansing the blood with a special laser device. Can increase sensitivity to the medication, reducing their dosage and minimize side effects.
  • Prepolarization therapy procedure of adjustment disorders in the emotional sphere with the impact of electricity on the surface of the cerebral cortex.
  • Transcranial micropolarization is a method of selective effects on brain structure by electric fields, allowing to remove hallucinations and residual effects on remission.
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation – this type of impact on brain structureallows you to remove the depression; in this case, the effect on the brain occurs through a constant magnetic field;
  • Enterosorption. As the intravascular laser irradiation, this type of exposure is aimed at increasing the sensitivity of the body to drugs in order to reduce the dose required to achieve therapeutic effect. Is a course of drugs-sorbents, taken by mouth, including activated carbon, Enterosgel, Filtrum, Polifepan, Smectite. Sorbent materials are used due to its ability to bind various toxins for excretion from the body the organic way.

  • Immunomodulators – have a complex effect on the body, allowing not only to improve the efficiency of the immune systemthat helps a person to regenerate after damage caused by the attack, but also to strengthen the sensitivity to neuroleptic medication.

In the complex therapy are different immunomodulatory agent:

  1. Echinacea.

  2. Rhodiola rosea.

  3. Timogen.

  4. Splenin.

  5. Timalin.

  6. Erbisol.

  7. Nukleinat sodium.

Psychosocial therapy

This kind postremission therapy is carried out after complete relief of attack and is necessary for social rehabilitation is still a sick man, restore his cognitive abilities and learning skills to combat the disease.

Important components of the psychosocial therapy is not only a social and labor rehabilitation of the patient. To do this, use so-called family therapy: immediate relatives or guardians of the patient are taught the rules cautiously and with the patient. This makes it possible to host it at home free rules of movement and residence. The patient is informed about the importance of regular drug intake, but create an understanding of personal responsibility for their health. In a relaxed and friendly environment patients faster reabilitarea after the attacks, their mental state stabiliziruemost and the chances of stable remission are significantly increased. Interpersonal contacts with friendly people accelerate recovery of social activity of the patient.

In addition, a psychotherapist can help people to solve personal problems, to deal with the neuroses and depressive States thatprevents another attack.

Another component of psychosocial adaptation and cognitive-behavioral treatment, during which the person regains his mental abilities (memory, thinking, ability to concentrate) to the extent that is necessary for normal functioning in society.

The results of magnetic resonance imaging after a course of psychosocial therapy to prove the effectiveness of this technique postremission cure schizophrenia.

Traditional drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia

Neuroleptic drugs directly affect the factors that cause the development of schizophrenia and therefore their use as effectively.

Currently existing antipsychotics are divided into the following groups:

  • Atypical antipsychotics – Clozapine, Amisulpride, Risperidone, Quetiapine, Olanzapine;
  • The newest generation antipsychotics (atypical) – Aripiprazole, Apperial, Sertindole, Blonanserin, Ziprasidone;
  • Sedative neuroleptic drugs with sedative effect: Chlorpromazine, Levomepromazine, Propazin, Truxal, Sultoprid;
  • Incisive neuroleptic drugs capable of activating the Central nervous system: Pipotiazine, Haloperidol, Klopicksol, Prochlorperazine, Thioproperazine, Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine;
  • Disruptive neuroleptic drugs, which have a releasing action: Sulpiride, Carbide.

In addition to neuroleptics in the treatment of schizophrenia different symptoms are applied and other medications:

  • Antidepressants facilitate the patient's condition the concern, anxiety and fear: Amitriptyline, Pirlindola, Moclobemide;
  • Nootropics that enhance cognitive function and restore memory, thinking, attention and ability to concentrate: Deanol aceglumate, Pantogram, gopantenova acid;
  • Tranquilizers are used to calm anxiety: Phenazepam, Bromazepam, Chlordiazepoxide, Diazepam;
  • Psychostimulants: Mesocarb;
  • Drugs-normotimiki help you to gain control over emotional manifestations: Carbamazepine.

New drugsfor the treatment of schizophrenia

Classical antipsychotics, despite its effectiveness in relieving the attacks of schizophrenia, and further stabilizing and supportive therapy have several disadvantages and side effects. Because of this, their use is necessary to limit, to comply with the minimum necessary dose to achieve a therapeutic effect, and combine them with corrective drugs.

Side effects and disadvantages of conventional antipsychotics:

  • Damage to extrapyramidal – dystonia, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic syndrome;

  • Somatic disorders – hormonal imbalance, due to which increases the level of prolactin in the blood, which leads to the development of gynecomastia, dysmenorrhea, galactorrhea, disturbances of sexual activity;
  • Drug depression;
  • Allergic reactions Toxicological nature.

The force of action of antipsychotic drugs of a new generation comparable with the effect of classical neuroleptics, but they have a much higher rate of onset of effect. Some of the new drugs such as Risperidone and Olanzapine, remove the delusions and hallucinations even better than the first antipsychotics.

Risperidone effectively used in clinical practice, the border States – hypochondriacal disorders, depersonalization, which is often observed in low schizophrenia. Successfully coping with social anxiety disorder and agoraphobia, relieves anxiety, which lies at the basis of the mechanism of the development of obsessions and phobic disorders.

Antipsychotic drugs new generation normalize neurotransmitter balance, thereby providing maximum clinical and pharmacological effect in the treatment of schizophrenia. Selectively acting on dopamine, serotonin, and other types of receptors in brain structures than provide not only treatment success, but its safety for the patient. Additionally, the new antipsychotics, in particular Risperidone is the drug of choice in the treatment of schizophrenia in people of advanced age, the risk of complications which increases due to extrapyramidal disorders and disorders of cognitive function.

For the treatment of schizophrenia now can be used such preparations of new generation pharmaceutical products:

  • Aripiprazole;
  • Blonanserin;
  • Ziprasidon;
  • Have poperedu;
  • Sertindole.

They may also include the atypical antipsychotics of the first generation, such as Quetiapine, Risperidone and Olanzapine.

Tangible advantage of modern neurolepticsis good tolerance by patients, low side effects, reduced risk of drug depression and cognitive and motor disorders. New antipsychotic drugs not only to cope well with delusional disorders and hallucinations, but also removed the negative schizophrenic symptoms – disorders of memory, language and thinking.


Characteristics of some alternative treatments for schizophrenia

For the treatment of schizophrenia in specialized clinics used a variety developed in the different treatments and therapeutic techniques which, although not numbered among the list of international standards, but often quite effective, prolonging remission and improving the quality of life of the patient.

Treatment with cytokines

This kind of medication treatment of schizophrenia, which are not used substances that affect the CNS (such as neuroleptics), and drugs that enhance the immune system and stimulating the regeneration processes in the organism cytokines.

Cytokines used in the form of injection or inhalation, the course of treatment with injections is usually five days, inhalations are made daily for ten days then every three days for 3 months. Cytokines for intramuscular injection called anti-TNF-alpha and anti-IFN-gamma to effectively restore the damaged areas of the brain, and provide lasting remission.

Stem cell treatment

The cause of schizophrenia can be pathology or cell death of the hippocampus, therefore, the treatment using stem cells gives good results in treatment of the disease. Stem cells injected into the hippocampus, where they replace dead skin structure and stimulate their regeneration. Such treatment is conducted only after the final cupping attack upon stabilization of the patient and can significantly prolong remission.

Treatment of communication

Communication with an experienced specialist can give good results:

  • To improve the social adaptation of the patient;
  • To form it a correct perception of the disease;
  • Trained skills control of their condition.

This treatment is used in remission with a view to its renewal. Therapy produces results only if in the course of the disease the person has not undergone significant changes, and the patient is no schizophrenic dementia.

Treatment with hypnosis

Hypnosis is a form of treatment communication. During remission, the doctor starts the conversation with the patient,when it is in the most boshamom state, or introduces it into this state artificially, and then gives him the installation, forming the skills necessary for the person for independent control of the disease.


Treatment of schizophrenia in the home

Hospitalization is required the patient only during a psychotic episode, treatment is continued until stabilization of the condition (on average, it takes about 4-8 weeks). When the episode passes, the patient continues treatment on an outpatient basis, provided that he has relatives or guardians who will monitor compliance with medical recommendations.

If the patient refuses to take medication and follow the treatment regimen, becomes irritable and shows unusual features, should take him to the doctor to change the shape of the drug is prolonged. The medication requires only once a week and does not require monitoring by the patient, as occurs under the supervision of a specialist.

The unusual behavior of the patient may be a sign of impending psychosis, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Rules of conduct with patients with schizophrenia in anticipation of a psychotic episode:

  • To avoid command and commanding tone, anger and rudeness when dealing;
  • To minimize the factors that could cause excitement or a strong emotional reaction to the patient;
  • Avoid threats, blackmail and promises bad consequences if people won't listen to you and comply with any requirement;
  • It should be smooth, calm and soft and regular;
  • Need to avoid criticism of the behavior of the patient, and disputes both with him and with other people in his presence;
  • Are in front of the patient so that your face was at his eye level, not above;
  • Don't place a schizophrenic in a closed room, if possible, take him, if they do not harm him and others.

Treatment prognosis

  • In 24% of cases the treatment of schizophrenia is successful and the person fully recovers, that is, his whole life passes in remission, and psychosis never come.
  • 30% of patients after treatment feel a significant improvement, unable to take care of themselves, to perform housework and engage in a simple operation without unnecessary mental and emotional stress. Relapsepossible.
  • In 20% of cases after treatment noticeable improvement does not occur, the person is not able even to primitive activities, needs constant care and supervision from family or doctors. Attacks periodically repeated, and require hospitalization.
  • In 10-15% of cases, schizophrenia leads to the death of a person, as in a state of psychosis in about 50% of the people trying to commit suicide.

Favorable treatment of schizophrenia depends on the timely treatment to the doctor. Best cures schizophrenia, the overt form of which occurred at a later age. Short bright and emotional attacks respond well to drug treatment, thus a high probability of prolonged remission.