Salivary gland

Classification of adenoma of the salivary gland

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Definition of the disease

Adenoma is the most common benign tumor of the salivary glands. Multiple adenomas are identified rarely. Education occur in people aged 50-60 years, the bowl in women. Tubercle of the tumor clearly delineated, can be a node lobed, whitish, shiny, translucent cartilaginous structure.

Adenoma develops in the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual salivary glands. Its components are always benign. Because the parotid glands are paired, adenoma occurs to the left or to the right. Studies show that the reason for the development of adenomas in the salivary glands is the formation of abnormal glandular epithelium. Reasons not fully elucidated, but many experts tend to believe that Smoking, chewing and trauma to the glands affect the development of adenoma.

The disease is found mainly in the elderly, it arises from a wrong nutrition, ecology, influence of various external factors.

Classification of adenomas

There is a classification adenomas of the salivary glands:

• Polymorphic or pleomorphic adenoma grows slowly, can reach a large size, has a hilly and dense structure. This adenoma in the majority of cases arise in the parotid salivary gland. Late stagetumors is fraught with large size and risk of malignant cells in its structure. This type of adenoma seems to be tight encapsulated node contains a light fluid, lymphoid cells, fibroblasts. Surgical treatment suggests a favorable outcome, although it is difficult to operate because of the proximity of the facial nerve and ability of proliferation of a multitude of nodes. Getting rid of the adenoma of the salivary gland only online. The tumor node, which is enclosed in the capsule should be removed completely.

• Basal cell adenoma of the salivary gland benign tumor. Characterized by basaloid type cells. Can be multiple, is a small, clearly demarcated node. You'll be dense and homogeneous structure grayish-whitish or brownish color. Adenoma basal cell type do not recur. Rarely basal cell adenoma is capable of malignant transformation.
• Canalicular adenoma of the salivary gland contains prismatic epithelial cells collected in the thin beams, resembling "beads". The average age of onset canalicular adenoma is 65 years, people can get sick from 30 to 87 years. This type of adenoma of the salivary gland affects the upper lip and buccal mucosa. No symptoms is not observed, but increasing the size of the nodes, hyperemia of the mucosa around the tumor, which may be with a bluish tinge. There was a clear border of the fibrous capsule. In advanced cases, there are areas of necrosis.
• Sebaceous adenoma of the salivary glands clearly demarcated tumor made up of different shapes and sizes of nests of sebaceous cells with cystic changes. The tumor occurs at the age from 22 to 90 years. This tumor is localized in the parotid region, in the mucosa of the cheek and submandibular area. The development is painless, the surface of the adenoma gray-whitish or yellow. Adenoma of the salivary gland does not relapse after qualified surgery.
• Adenolymphoma – contains lymph, is growing slowly, it refers to a benign tumor that consists of glandular epithelial structures. It is localized mainly in a parotid gland, especially in older men. At the beginning of the development growth of its discreet, is a painless tumor site. The tumor is round or oval, elastic or dense structure, has a smooth or slightly bumpy surface, clear boundaries, mobile.
• Monoformat adenoma is not different from adenolymphoma. It defines the glandular structure, with no mesenchymal tissue. Itis a kind of oxyphilic adenoma or oncocytoma, vstrechayutsya rarely localized in the parotid salivary glands. Consists of large cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and small dark nucleus, with a bright color.

• Adenocarcinoma is malignant epithelial tumors arise in large and small salivary glands. Has the proliferation of the epithelium in potokovyj formations in the form of papillary, kriposnyi, tubular structures. The prognosis is poor.

Adenomas of the above types are treated by surgery. Tumors formed in the submandibular or sublingual salivary gland, along with the data are eliminated by the glands. Used parotidektomiya, this operation preserves the branches of the facial nerve. High efficiency of treatment is achieved by surgery Redon and Subtotal resection of glands.