A chalazion

Causes and symptoms of chalazion, diagnosis and prevention

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Definition of chalazion

A chalazion (Gradina) – swelling of the eyelids due to blockage of the sebaceous (meibomian) breast and accumulation of fluid. It can appear on the eyelids in both eyes, often visually resembles barley, but differences in the chronic course. This pathology is observed in adults and children. Meibomian the glands are branched sebaceous glands located in the depth of the cartilage of the upper and lower eyelids. This excretory ducts opening at the lash line.

Under normal functional activities they produce fat the secret to rehydrate the tear film and lubricates the cornea and eyelid edges, reducing friction between the edge of the eyelids and the anterior surface of the eye in the process of blinking. The blockage leads to the fact that in the channel accumulates fat secret gland grows in size and forms a capsule.

If the chalazion is not opened and is bothering the person for a long period, it can form a cyst, which is very dangerous for the body. Basically, the pathology develops slowly. The first symptom is a swollen eyelid becomes noticeable after 2 weeks. Basically a chalazion is different benign chronic course. Occur the disease may even after the treatment.

Causes of chalazion

A chalazion develops when cold, it happens in the winter, after swimming in cold pool water, etc obstruction of the glands is the result of a stye or blepharitis. The reasons for the changes include immunosuppression, the presence of colds, lack of personal hygiene.

Wearing contact lenses provokes a blockage of the gland. Causes of disease are many, it is believed that the inflammation results in increased oiliness of the skin, disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, chronic gastritis or enterocolitis, dyskinesia of bile-excretory tract and the change in hormone levels.

Symptoms of chalazion

A chalazion is manifested by painful sensations from touching century, local redness in the area of the conjunctiva. The acute phase may differ suppuration, detected by the excessive growth of tissue (granulation), skin redness of the eyelids, spontaneous opening and pus through a fistula.

Reduced vision depends on the disease, but at larger sizes the lump has a mechanical effect on the cornea it may affect vision and development of astigmatism eyes. The disease is accompanied by onlythe appearance of a rounded education at the edge of the upper or lower eyelid.

The types of chalazion

Clinically, a chalazion of the lower or upper eyelid appears in the form of a restricted swelling, it becomes more prominent in the cartilage of the century. Sometimes a chalazion affects the lower eyelid, elongated in the direction of the conjunctiva. The skin in the area of occurrence of the blockage remains the same.

The tumor can not progress in growth, then maybe her self-absorption. If it increases in volume, respectively, touches the conjunctiva and lead to the appearance of mushroom-like granulomas.

Diagnosis and treatment of chalazion

A chalazion is diagnosed without instruments and tests, by visual inspection of the eyelids doctor. Usually patients complain of the appearance of education in the form of a ball, redness century and rarely committed by ciliary movement. Treatment of chalazion should begin immediately after you detect it. An early reference to the doctor allows to exclude surgery.

The initial lesions can be treated at home after consulting a doctor. Treatment at home is limited to the application of dry warm compresses and light massage century. In a clinic – UHF-therapy.

But if you have symptoms of inflammation heat therapy strictly forbidden, because it can develop abscess or phlegmon century, requiring urgent medical attention. The purpose of the procedures and medications, depending on severity of pathological changes. The early period of the development of chalazion is treated with eye drops and yellow mercury ointment for eyes.

Later stages of the disease requires the application of injections of corticosteroids resolving action. They are administered with a fine needle into the cavity of the formed capsules. Among the means of quick relief secrete antibacterial and disinfectant ointments and drops such as sulfatsil sodium, ofloxacin, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, levofloxacin, tetracycline ointment.

An action is checked ointments, for example, maxitrol in which in addition to the antibiotic is present steroid anti-inflammatory substance. In the absence of effect of the therapeutic methods, conduct surgery to remove the chalazion. The operation is performed under local anesthesia, takes only 15-20 minutes. A chalazion is opened in the skin, after applied 1-2 seam or from the conjunctiva.

After surgical manipulation of the eye applied compressivebandage for 5-7 days, Daily for 7 days apply drops or ointment to relieve inflammation. In the case of formation of the fistula, the incision is performed on its course, and nasekade transformed tissue, and then sutured. When disease recurrence at the surgery site, tissue taken for investigation to rule out malignancy in meibomian gland. In the treatment process need to be identified related diseases, which contribute to the development of this disease.

Prevention of chalazion

Remember that chalazion can cause changes in appearance of the face. The defect is formed under or over the eyelid interferes with the normal function of century and also not attractive. Hygiene, the use of clothing for the season protect from hypothermia, swimming in the water at an acceptable temperature, the use of vitamins – the key to eye health.