An attack of bronchial asthma

Bronchial asthma is a very common modern disease of the Airways. Manifested in the form of periodic attacks of breathlessness, severe coughing, sometimes can develop into asthma. The reason for this is the reaction of the respiratory tract of any irritant that enters them. Because of this greatly narrowed the bronchial tubes, producing a large amount of mucus, which prevents the patient to breathe normally impedes the flow of air into the lungs.

The reasons because of which there are attacks of asthma may be different. Based on this, there are non-allergic asthma, resulting from exposure to an external stimulus on the respiratory tract, and allergic asthma, which is a consequence of exposure through the bronchi particles that cause an allergic reaction.

Attacks in allergic asthma can be triggered by specific stimuli (pollen, food, wool, house dust, etc.), in contact with which there is a worsening of the disease. Often such attacks are seasonal in nature and are expressed excessive lacrimation, urticaria, runny nose and cough.

Seizures in non-allergic asthma are caused by any slightest irritation of the bronchi. Because of their excessive sensitivity goes into spasms, preventing the normal flow of air in the lungs, this leads to coughing, choking.

Some of the common causes that can cause bronchial asthma attacks:

• tobacco smoke;
• odor detergents, household chemicals;
• exhaust gases;
• the use of certain medication;
• soap perfumed;
• cloying odors;
• a sharp perfume, etc.

Not necessarily that asthma symptoms manifest themselves immediately, sometimes the reaction requires several minutes.

Depending on the cause of the attack, asthma is divided into several types:

• asthma physical effort (the inhalation of cold air during sports);
• aspirin asthma (certain medicines);
• food asthma;
• asthma (inhalation of the same substances on the job long enough period of time);
• mixed asthma (exposure to the allergen with the presence ofthe other factor);
• unspecified asthma (a clear cause of the attack is missing).

It often happens that when the disease of asthma doctors cannot identify specific allergens that are irritants of the respiratory tract and cause them to spasm. The first attacks of the disease can be caused by respiratory infection. While the exhaust gases or industrial waste are not allergens, but they can adversely affect the symptoms to antagonize those who have a predisposition to this disease.

The most difficult to define occupational asthma, because people often do not attach importance to first symptoms appearing during work and after passing the end of the work shift. Such diagnosis of asthma is difficult and requires several weeks or even months for an accurate diagnosis.

The harbingers attack

As each person is unique, the precursors of bronchial asthma attacks will each manifest themselves in different ways. It is important to know them if you have asthma and to take the necessary medication. Precursors of asthma attack appears approximately 0,5-1 hour.

The most common precursors before asthma attacks allergic nature:

• frequent sneezing;
• coughing;
• pain and sore throat;
• strong runny nose with watery mucus;

• headache.

If the asthma is non-allergic in nature, such as physical activity, precursors may be:

• dizziness;

• cough;
• severe weakness, fatigue;
• anxiety;
• anxiety;
• worsening of mood.

Insomnia and a bad cough is the harbinger of the night asthma attack.

Emergency attack of asthma

If you witness an attack of asthma, you first need to provide patient assistance tothe arrival of the ambulance. Often human life depends on how quickly and competently will be given first aid.

You need to remember that help with asthma to the arrival of doctors will help you only for a while to improve his health. To completely cure the attack without the help of doctors fail. The patient should consult a pulmonologist, it will help to put the correct diagnosis, and then prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Aid in bronchial asthma

When the asthma attack patient needs help to undo your shirt collar or loosen his tie, remove anything that may hinder free breathing. Then help to take the correct position: standing or sitting, resting on the surface with both hands, elbows are arranged in different directions. This will help to engage the auxiliary respiratory muscles. Help the patient to calm down and try to breathe evenly. Open the window to the room was a stream of fresh air.

Mild nausea can, if the patient to make a hot tub for hands or feet, apply mustard plasters to the soles. Help the patient to use the inhaler that uses a patient, remove it from the package, attach the nozzle and turn it over. If the man alone can not click on the aerosol, do it instead of him. Repeat the use of inhaler 2-3 times every 20 minutes.

Emergency medical assistance

Upon arrival, emergency physicians will need to report the drugs that took the patient during the attack. The doctor injected 0.7 ml of 0.1% solution of adrenaline, which helps to remove the spasm of the Airways and reduce mucus bronchi. The result after injection is usually after 5-8 minutes. If the patient's condition remained heavy, then repeat injection. Side effects with the drug are: increased heart rate, severe headache, shivering violently. However, you must remember that adrenaline cannot be used in cardiac asthma, which arose on the background of heart attack , or on the background of heart failure.

The second drug that should be used for heavily attack of bronchial asthma is ephedrine. Act it starts after 20-25 minutes, is injected under the skin in the form of a 1% solution not more than 1 ml ephedrine has a weaker effect than adrenaline, sometimes this drug is not possible to fully stop the attack. Then, a solution of ephedrine or epinephrine injected in combination with 0.5 ml of atropine (1% solution).

If you do not know the type of asthma (cardiac or bronchial) or fails to resolve, you should use intravenous aminophylline. The drug should be administered very slowly.

If the introduction ofbronchodilators has no visible effect, but only causes stimulation of the patient, it is administered pipolfen (solution 2.5%) in the muscle, no more than 1.5-2 ml, and injecting Novocain (0.5% solution), a volume of 5-10 ml, the drug should be administered slowly.

A mixed form of asthma cropped aminophylline with cardiac glycosides, intravenous injection of do. If the patient begins suffocation, with great caution allowed the use of the drug pantopon, be sure to use atropine, or morphine.

Enter morphine bronchial attack is impossible, it negatively affects the respiratory system, causing breathing difficulties.

As antispasmodic agents used injection of 2% solution shpy and papaverine, in the ratio 1:1, not more than 4ml.

If the drugs do not produce the desired effect, the patient must be immediately hospitalized.