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Causes and symptoms of acute and chronic colitis intestine

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What is colitis bowel?

Colitis is an acute or chronic inflammatory process that occurs in the large intestine, which is caused by toxic, ischemic or infectious lesions of the body.

In the view of the average layman without special medical knowledge colitis associated with intestinal colic. However, these two conditions are not identical. Intestinal colic is paroxysmal pain an uncomfortable feeling in the lower abdomen. Colic is just a symptom that characterizes a huge number of diseases and pathologies, from the banal flatulence to cancer processes.

Colitis, in turn, a distinct disease, differing in its own etiology, symptoms and characteristics of the flow.

To better understand what constitutes this condition, you must refer to the basics of the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract.

The intestine is divided into two sections: the colon and small intestine. Each has its own digestive functions. Thin the division begins immediately after the stomach and there are basic digestive processes (including final processing of food, excretion of nutrients and transport them into the blood stream through the walls of the body).

From the colon separated by a thin mucous membrane. Thanks to her, wastes and microorganisms from the colon are not available in the previous Department. In the large intestine is the final processing of food and absorption of fluid. Not the last role in this process play a special bacteria (in the colon, their volume reaches about 1.5 kg or even more).

In the colon in addition to the "helpful" bacteria (which contribute to the processing of food remnants) are also present and pathogenic organisms. These microorganisms in the course of their life produce a huge number of active substances with high toxic potential. If the result of the consumption of poor quality food or for other reasons the concentration of pathogenic microorganisms in the body growsthe mucosa of the colon becomes inflamed. This is immune response, in order to prevent the penetration of toxins into the blood stream. Develops colitis.

In some cases, pathogenic microorganisms can penetrate into the small intestine, in this case, it develops more severe form of disease — enterocolitis. It should be noted, if the small intestine gets conditionally useful microflora, enterocolitis will not develop and will be limited uncomfortable sensations and bloating.

The etiology of colitis is not limited to the infection. The same effect have some medications (side effects), also colitis may be accompanied by some other pathological processes.


The symptoms of colitis bowel

The first signs of acute and chronic colitis differ in intensity and the degree of increase symptoms.

The symptoms of acute colitis

Colitis in the acute phase is characterized by the rapid growth of forms, and their high intensity. However, this is not an axiom, and much depends on the individual characteristics of the patient (in particular features of the immune system). In some patients symptoms bright disease is hard. Others have noted a slight discomfort, and the pathology is characterized by sluggish flow.

Important factors in addition to the features of the immune system are: patient's age, degree of toxic, infectious or ischemic lesions of the intestine, the presence of other comorbidities.

Among the symptoms are most common:

  • Uncomfortable and pain. Often accompany a disease increase after therapeutic procedures (enemas), eating, mechanical action (e.g. shaking in transport), walking or running.

  • The disorder and instability of the chair. This manifestation can not be called the main or characteristic only for intestinal colitis. Diarrhea and constipation, as well as their alternating alternation characterizes the majority of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, cholecystitis before the poisoning with botulinum toxin. The main difference of chair for colitis — the presence of colorless or greenish mucous or streaks of blood.

  • False urge to defecate (called tenesmus). Characteristic not only colitis but also other diseases, such as, for example, proctosigmoiditis (inflammation of sigmoid colon and small intestine) or proctitis. The allocation of scarce mucous. With the development of colitis in the colon — the urge is relatively rare, bother patients 2-3 times inday. However, if the process is localized in a straight or sigmoid colon — the urge is more painful, often occur at night and end with a small amount of feces (like "sheep feces") with the abundant admixture of blood, mucus, pus.
  • Heaviness in the abdomen.
  • Bloating.
  • Flatulence.

The symptoms of chronic colitis

If the treatment was started late, or mismanaged, the disease can go into hiding by going into a chronic form.

Exacerbations can occur up to several times a year. Symptoms are similar to acute colitis. Even at the stage of remission in 35-40% of cases observed sluggish manifestation.

  • Flatulence (flatulence).
  • Problems with the chair. In 80% of cases we are talking about severe spastic constipation, due to lack of "useful" microflora and impaired intestinal motility.
  • The rumbling in his stomach that occurs several hours after a meal.

  • A mild pain in the stomach after physical exertion or stress.

  • - Skin rash due to toxic damage to the body due to impaired excretion of feces.

  • Weakness, headaches, nausea.

Symptoms intensified during periods of exacerbations.

Symptoms of ulcerative colitis

A special case of colitis intestine protrudes ulcerative colitis. Its main difference — the presence of ulcers on the walls of the mucous membranes (until perforation), which causes a much more severe course of the disease. Ulcerative colitis is particularly symptoms.

  • Frequent false urge to defecate. In the beginning of the process — scant diarrhea (15-20 times a day), inability to hold stool. The symptom observed in more than half of the patients (55-60%).
  • Impurities in the stool. Blood and greenish slime, a ribbon of pus. Bleeding varies from slight (found only on toilet paper) to abundant, visible to the naked eye in the stool.
  • Sudden constipation, indicating inflammation of the small intestine. Found approximately a quarter of patients.

  • Manifestations of intoxication. Manifestations are similar to SARS. In severe lesions observed increased heart rate (tachycardia), weakness,the increase in body temperature, nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite. Diarrhea can also lead to dehydration.

  • In some cases, can develop symptoms that are not associated with lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. Visual disturbances, skin rash, itching mucous membranes, blood clots, pain in the joints. In addition, may suffer the liver and gallbladder.

Pain colitis bowel

Pain for colitis of the colon are of an aching or dull character. Sometimes patients complain of unbearable pain. Unpleasant sensations can be strong and painful, but often the pain is manifested by periods (ShadowProtect).

Location of pain varies from case to case. Often localization can not be determined, the pain spreads throughout the abdomen or wandering. In the initial period of discomfort occurs in the lower left part of the abdomen.

The pain radiates to the back, the sacrum, the left side of the chest. For this reason, patients are often unable to determine the source of pain, taking for colitis problems with the spine or heart.

After taking drugs (antispasmodic, anticholinergic), the discharge of intestinal gas, bowel movements, warming the affected area pain subside, but after a period of time again. In some patients, the discharge of gases, on the contrary, leads to increased pain.


Causes of colitis bowel

At the moment the causes of colitis bowel unknown until the end. Conducted numerous scientific studies, however, scientists still have not come to a consensus. In spite of this, a number of precipitating factors. They are the triggers that initiate the beginning of the pathological process.

  • Infectious lesions of the body. Quite trivial situation, when a person consumes low-quality expired food products. Food poisoning are caused by pathogenic microflora, which actively multiplies in the intestine. In addition, under other conditions, a person can become a carrier of intestinal infection, cholera Vibrio, Entamoeba histolytica, Salmonella, and other infectious agents. Such agents can be bacteria of tuberculosis, shigellosis.

    • In all cases, the pathogens produce toxins, irritating the intestinal wall and causing specific symptoms. Thoughon the origin of the disease in this case, colitis caused by infection, is considered non-contagious.

  • Malnutrition (nutritional causes of colitis). At the household level colitis caused by violation of the regime of food consumption is called "indigestion". Alimentary colitis is caused by excessive consumption of fast food, irregular meals, abuse of alcohol, lack of fiber consumption, insufficient consumption of "healthy" food (vegetables, fruits, natural meat products), etc.
  • Genetic factors. Some genetic mutations can lead to congenital disorders of the bowel.

  • The presence of comorbidities. Cholecystitis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, various forms of gastritis promote violation of the bowel and development of colitis. The same effect produces a lowering of immunity and weakening of the body after a viral illness.

  • Medications. Many medications have a negative impact on the intestinal microflora and reduce peristalsis. Antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, aminoglycoside drugs, laxatives, preparations for contraception, etc.
  • Toxic poisoning. Can be worn as an exogenous nature (poisoning with salts of mercury, phosphorus, arsenic) and endogenous (e.g., poisoning by salts-urate in gouty).
  • Allergic reaction. Food and other allergies contribute to the violation of work of intestines.
  • The mechanical effect. Abuse of purifying enemas or candles leads to disruption of the bowel due to constant irritation of the intestinal mucosa.

Forms of colitis bowel

Acute colitis bowel

The acute form of colitis of the bowel caused by one of the above mentioned reasons and is in most cases rapidly with gradual increase of characteristic symptoms.

Most often acute colitis triggered by food poisoning, an allergic reaction (which destroyed the fat cells, basophils and large number of releases histamine that violate the integrity of the mucosal cells of the intestine, causing the intestine is irritated), or excessive intake of certain medications.

The disease begins with development of hyperthermia (temperature rises to a level 37.2-38.1 degrees). Sickexperiencing weakness, followed by temperature arise cramping pain and abdominal cramps. The large intestine throughout its length and painful when pressed, responds with a dull pain.

The urge to defecate are frequent, accompanied by a scanty discharge of mucus or a small amount of liquid feces.

Pain attacks are accompanied by sweating, dizziness, pallor. There is a picture of intoxication.

In addition to the specific symptoms observed and the General phenomena from the side of the body.

  • A sharp drop in body weight of 2-6 kg.
  • Periodic fever.
  • Sleepiness and fatigue.
  • nausea, vomiting.

These phenomena can persist for quite a long time after acute colitis (up to 10-25 days).

If adequate treatment was not carried out since the first days, the colitis may become chronic with periodic relapses. At the transition of the disease into a different form of symptoms also weaken and disappear by themselves.

Chronic colitis intestine

Gastroenterologists agree that the main reason for colitis the bowel is the violation of the diet. Therefore, among individuals aged 25 to 40 years of colitis is far more widespread than you might think.

In some cases, chronic colitis moving caused by:

  • Complications infectious intestinal diseases (salmonellosis, cholera, intestinal forms of influenza , etc.);

  • Long-lasting effects on the body salts of heavy metals and toxic non-metals (typical for people working in hazardous industrial enterprises);

  • Dysbiosis, which disturbed the concentration of beneficial microflora and intestinal peristalsis;

  • Enzyme deficiency as a result of the gall bladder, pancreas and stomach.

However, the primary cause is poor diet. The lack of fiber in the diet leads to a decrease in mucus secretion and disruption of normal evacuation of stool from the colon. The stagnation of feces in the bowel leads to irritation and inflammation of the mucosa.

Significant role in the development of colitis plays an improper diet (because additionally a special risk group are women).

The chronic form does not necessarilypreceded by pronounced acute phase. Possible situation which will occur only one symptom of the acute form, and very lethargic. In other cases, symptoms may not be, then the pathology occurs in the reverse order.

Bright and severe chronic colitis is only possible on the running stage.

The first symptoms that need immediate attention:

  • Dry mouth;
  • Violations of the chair;
  • Continuous thirst;
  • The lack of appetite.

If you do not spend the necessary treatment, the disease is completely formed, and the manifestations will subside.

Suddenly and out of nowhere chronic intestinal colitis does not appear. To the disease became apparent "in all its glory" right trigger, the trigger mechanism. This trigger can be food poisoning, infection, trauma, attack of allergies etc.

Only 10-12% of the total number of patients after the development of trigger colitis is not shown, and fades gradually and spontaneously be cured, in other cases, this unpleasant pathology becomes a lifetime companion of man.

In periods of exacerbation there is a picture of the acute form of disease, however, as mentioned, specific symptoms (albeit in a weakened form) even to accompany the patient in remission.

Types of colitis bowel

The content of the article:

Ulcerative colitis intestine

Ulcerative colitis of the bowel is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the colon accompanied by ulcerations of the surface, oedema and degenerative changes of the epithelium of the shell.

The high-risk group consists of young people aged 20 to 40 years of age and older (after 50-55).

For a pathological process characterized by ulceration of the walls of the colon throughout the body.

The etiology of this type of colitis are unknown until the end, at the moment, put forward a number of theories:

  • Infectious. Based on the fact that ulcerative colitis of the bowel — caused by a virus or bacteria. The exact strain, however,unknown.

  • Genetic. States that ulcerative colitis is an autoimmune disease in which cells secrete antibodies that destroy the cells of the intestinal mucosa (such as generated antibodies against iodine-containing substances destroy the cells, the thyrocytes of the thyroid gland in Hashimoto's autoimmune tireodit).

  • Hereditary. According to this theory, ulcerative colitis inherited, and due to aggressive environmental factors that influenced parents.

The disease is caused by the following triggers:

  • Lack of exercise (inactivity);
  • A diet rich in carbohydrates;
  • The lack of fiber in the diet;
  • Stress;
  • Dysbacteriosis.
  • The disease occurs in three main forms: mild, moderate and severe.
  • Mild lesions, the intestinal wall is not subjected to serious pitting. The disease does not makes itself known, except for small streaks of mucus and blood in stool. Symptoms specific to colitis may be absent altogether.

The average degree of occurrence of a pathology characterized by increased body temperature (up to a maximum of 38.1), cramping pain and General malaise. The urge to defecate occur 4-6 times a day, mainly at night.

Severe takes place at high temperatures (over 38.1) on the background of disorders of the cardiovascular system (tachycardia). Observed pale skin, uneven breathing. Abdominal pain is strong, cramping. Desires not less than 7-10 times per day. The pain is especially pronounced immediately before the act.

In severe cases may develop intestinal perforation with subsequent sepsis, peritonitis, and massive hemorrhage.

Spastic colitis bowel

Spastic colitis differs from other types of this disease greatly reduced function of the colon due to lack of peristalsis. Unlike ulcerative colitis, spastic severe pathology is not considered and is, rather, a disorder of bowel function.

Normally, the acts of defecation occur with a certain frequency. For someone, the norm is 1 every day, for others once a week 1. With spastic colitis the main symptom is persistent constipation. The severity of the disease is still purely individual, and in two patients the symptoms will be completely different.

The symptoms are generally similar with other forms and includes:

  • heaviness in the abdomen, bloating;

  • aching pain in the left side or bottom left;

  • Sharp alternating constipation and diarrhea, with a predominance of the latter;
  • Most of the time is stored constipation;
  • increased production of gases.

Spastic bowel colitis is easier, because the condition of the patients was satisfactory.

Palpation of the colon, as well as carrying out ultrasonic diagnostics are well visible spasm parts of the colon. For this type of disease is characterized by changes in the intestine. In some areas it is excessively expanded, the other — on the contrary, narrowed.

Long disease causes a gradual atrophic changes in the smooth muscle of the colon, caused by a decrease in work. The tone of the intestine falls, along the entire length of the body is observed the secretion of mucus, swelling. These characteristics are detected with sigmoidoscopy. If degenerative or atrophic processes required a more thorough diagnosis, as in this case the intestinal wall becomes dry, begin to crack. Cracks can be taken for ulcers, distinguishing ulcerative colitis.

For this reason, it is important to consider the complex of symptoms and factors in combination with data instrumental diagnosis for accurate diagnosis.

Catarrhal colitis bowel

Catarrhal colitis is not an independent type of this disease, but a stage in its development. Catarrhal colitis represents the initial stage of formation of the pathological process. Duration catarrhal type occurs in a 2-3 day period and are severe symptoms.

Additionally, a catarrhal colitis may be the beginning of the disease, but merely a manifestation (e.g., food poisoning) which with proper treatment will come to naught and not go into a chronic form.

The symptoms of this type of colitis:

  • Gradual inflammation of the intestinal mucosa is a growing feeling of discomfort in the iliac region in the left lower abdomen or in the pubic area.
  • Inflammation of the intestine increases in size, therefore the patient feels a strong heaviness and bloating.
  • In the chair there is a large amount of vaginal bleeding, which indicates the process of degeneration of the mucosa.
  • Damaged areas undergo necrosis, because even after the acute phase of intestinal dysfunction, and pain will persist.

For catarrhal colitis or any other type of characteristic General symptoms, like the symptoms of intoxication (weakness, headache,irritability and fatigue, drowsiness, etc.), constipation or diarrhea, frequent tenesmus, pain etc.

Catarrhal colitis easy to identify even to a layman without medical training, therefore special diagnostic procedures in addition to collecting history for the overall diagnosis not required. Should pay attention to the treatment of the catarrhal type of the disease, as it is prone to rapid progression and after 8-10 days passes in fibrinous type, and after a week and a half to start to move in the ulcerative type.

Atrophic colitis bowel

Atrophic colitis often goes hand in hand with spastic colitis and develops in the later stages. The essence of the pathological process consists in atrophy of the smooth muscles of the colon because of the prolonged stagnation of the process. It should be noted an important point. If additional types of colitis bowel affect both the thick and thin intestine, atrophic colitis is characteristic only of the colon.

Often together with atrophic gastritis colitis is diagnosed, however, it is unknown if any of these diseases a causal relationship.

Symptoms are similar to other types and does not have any symptoms. Over time atrophic colitis can go into ulcerative form since the mucous membrane of the colon over time becomes thinner and the number of pathological microorganisms in the body decreases, which can lead to rapid degeneration of the epithelial tissue. In very advanced cases, there can be a perforation of the colon and severe complications, like sepsis, or severe bleeding.

The complexity of this disease is the difficulty of diagnosis. Only a competent and attentive doctor-specialist is able to correctly differentiate the diagnosis.

Erosive colitis bowel

Erosive colitis not always distinguished specialists as a separate type. It would be truer to speak of this type as an early stage of development of ulcerative colitis. The only and main difference is that erosive changes are minor in nature and are not followed by perforation, but the symptoms are sufficiently characteristic to distinguish erosive colitis without too much difficulty.

Almost always, regardless of the individual characteristics of the organism erosive colitis presents all typical manifestations, among which:

  • Nausea (patient "sick"), possible vomiting.
  • Heaviness in the abdomen (localized mainly in the stomach).
  • Pain in the stomach.An inexperienced doctor for this symptom can take erosive colitis for one of the forms of gastritis and assign to root is not the right treatment.
  • The sound in the stomach (rumbling).
  • Metal sour taste in my mouth.

  • Belching and heartburn (also generally characteristic for gastritis with high acidity).

  • Violation of appetite.

In addition to a range of symptoms, which is accompanied by erosive colitis, the disease is accompanied by typical any disease symptoms like disorders of the chair, etc.

Diffuse colitis bowel

Diffuse colitis of the bowel most often involves both departments, leaking hard. Because colitis affects and fat, and small intestine, symptoms evident from the first day. The symptoms present as signs of gastritis, and symptoms of enteritis.

To diagnose diffuse colitis is usually not so difficult if you have minimal medical training.

This type of pathology has a number of symptoms:

  • Pain. Pain in diffuse type of colitis are not localized in any one area, but spread across the entire abdomen. Often there is a movement of discomfort from one abdomen to another (wandering pain). In some cases the second or third day pain become a discernible character and are located in the lower left or lower right abdomen. In the latter case, you should additionally carry out a functional test for appendicitis. Pain aching or dull, are of a colicky character.

  • The pain may radiate to the region of the heart. Coupled with the heartbeat this gives the patient to assume the pathology of the heart, not the digestive tract.

  • Often the detection of the diffuse type, there is no decrease in appetite, and its complete absence.
  • Very frequent tenesmus. In the first day or profuse diarrhea with typical impurities. After defecation pain is worse, but not immediately, but after 1.5-2 hours. 2-3 days diarrhea continues. A negligible amount of liquid with the extremely unpleasant odor of feces. Diarrhea almost always starts at night, usually 5-7 hours in the morning (so-called "diarrhea-service").
  • Nausea, vomiting. The urge to vomit persisted even with an empty stomach.
  • Heartburn, belching.
  • The clinical picture is inconsistent. On the x-ray contrast agent are visible as areas of narrowing and abnormal enlargement of the intestines. Peristalsis can both at times be accelerated and to be oppressed.
  • the Language of the patient overlaid with a grey or yellowish tinge.
  • Palpation marked hard, spasms areas, palpation patients indicate pain.

The effects of colitis bowel

Colitis bowel, in spite of the frivolous at first glance, the manifestations, and the relative ease of treatment can cause severe complications. Acute colitis, as indicated above, in no need of therapy in 90% of cases passes in chronic and incurable form throughout the life pursues of the patient.

Especially dangerous is the disease in childhood. Even if the child received the necessary treatment, the risk of the pathology in the chronic high and is close to 95-100%.

In adults and acute and chronic colitis can cause four serious consequences:

Ulcers are formed mainly in the chronic form of chronic colitis, when an aggressive agent constantly acts on the mucous wall of the intestine. Ulcers can lead to perforation of the wall and the release of intestinal contents beyond.

As a result of perforation, quickly develops massive internal bleeding, requiring immediate surgical intervention. Without medical aid, the patient risk of dying from blood loss. In addition, as a result of the perforation of the contents of the intestine is in the abdominal cavity and causes infection, can also lead to death.

Sepsis. The intestine has a well-developed and complex vascular system, because any damage to the walls of the body results at the same time and damage blood vessels. The stool is rich in harmful substances and pathogenic organisms that, once in the blood, can cause her infection. Particularly high risk of sepsis when infection cause of intestinal colitis.

In addition, colitis, especially chronic, always accompanied by stagnant processes in the large intestine. As a result, harmful substances from the body in time are not displayed and are absorbed back into the blood, poisoning the body. Patients constantly observed signs of intoxication: weakness, headache, disturbance of appetite, etc.

Also colitis can lead to dehydration, because most of the water does not have time to be absorbed in the colon andcomes with frequent diarrhea.

A fairly common and dangerous consequence of colitis is intestinal obstruction. Because intestinal peristalsis is weakened, the stool is not evacuated from the body and acquire a stony structure. Gradually accumulate, they can cause complete closure of the lumen of the intestine. In this case, without surgery in the shortest time is not enough.


Differential diagnosis of colitis bowel

Modern medicine has a broad spectrum of laboratory and instrumental methods of research. They can be used to determine the presence of disease, its stage and the form.

Laboratory methods

To laboratory methods for differential diagnosis of colitis include:

  • General analysis of blood. The clinical picture of intestinal colitis is characterized by inflammatory process, and this means blood will be determined with a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), a significant concentration of platelets, leukocytosis, low hemoglobin level.
  • Feces analysis (coprogram). In the stool may be blood, leukocytes, and erythrocytes.

  • Crops feces for infectious and bacterial agents (dysentery, cholera, tuberculosis, etc.).

  • Diagnostic PCR. Allows you to identify the bot, as well as viral infection of the intestine.

  • Analysis for the presence of specific antibodies against the cytoplasm of neutrophils (pANCA) to determine the presence of genetic autoimmune pathologiesthat reduce the efficiency of the intestines.

  • Analysis for fecal calprotectin. Is performed to detect Crohn's Disease, a secondary symptom which can be colitis.

Instrumental methods

To instrumental methods for differential diagnosis of colitis include:

  • Contrast barium enema. In the course of research into the rectum of the patient injected contrast agent. After some time conducted x-rays, which allows to assess the degree of functional disorders of the body. Barium enema allows you to eliminate the growth of tumors, lesions of the intestinal walls, etc.

  • Fibrolemnoase. Endoscopic examination of the intestine. Allows to determine the dislocation of the pathologic process, its character and stage, as well as take biological material for examination (to exclude malignancy and the possibility of their formation).

  • Ultrasound. Aims to identify changes in the bowel lumen or walls of the body.

  • MRI

  • Examination by a proctologist with a finger examination of the anus and rectum. Performed to exclude pathology of the rectum: anal abscess, and anal fissure and hemorrhoids.

  • Ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs and liver function tests reveal inflammation of the liver, pancreas and gall bladder.

  • Biopsy. The symptoms and clinical picture of colitis are very similar to symptoms of various malignancies. Suspicious fragments of the intestine must be subjected to biopsy to rule out cancer.


How to treat colitis bowel?

To schedule a treatment or to recognize colitis, you should consult a doctor, a gastroenterologist or physician-coloproctologist. The main link in the chain of treatment of colitis is on a special diet.

Diet

Colitis treatment, unlike the treatment of many other diseases, diet is an essential element of therapy. Because the mucosa is thick (maybe thin) intestine is irritated, in any case, you should not irritate her more. Therefore, the purpose of the diet is to minimize the load on the intestine, while maintaining optimal diet, rich in all the necessary.

From the diet temporarily excluded foods rich in fiber:

Food should be soft, so during heat treatment preference stewing for a couple, cooking.

Food must be fractional, 4-6 times a day to avoid excessive load on the digestive tract. Foods that enhance intestinal peristalsis and with laxative effect eat is not worth it. This applies to prunes, milk, pumpkin, cabbage etc. it is best to eat pureed food.

With colitis should drink plenty of fluids as the body dehydrates quickly.

Topic: Diet for colitis bowel

Methods of drug treatment

We list a number of measures that can be applied during treatment:

  • Antibiotics and antimicrobials. Assigned if identified infectious etiology of the disease. Prescribers Enterofuril, Alfa Normix (Rifaximin), Tsifran. The course of treatment is short, 3-5 days strictly according to the conditions and under the supervision of a physician.

  • Helminthiasis. If the cause of intestinal colitis is to helminthiasis (parasitic intestinal damage), are assigned to specialized de-worming medications (exact names depend on the type of helminth and extent of injury).

  • The removal of pain. Pronounced pain syndrome removed medication-antispasmodics such as But-shpa, Papaverine. In more severe cases are added to the antispasmodics anticholinergic drugs.
  • Treatment related complications. In colitis the bowel is often formed proctitis or proctosigmoiditis. In order to eliminate the effects of the colitis is carried out specific local therapy with the use of suppositories (rectally administered drugs on the basis of belladonna, anestezin, introduced astringents), and enemas (phytotherapeutic calendula, chamomile, tannin or drugs, protargol).
  • Remediation of the chair. Constipation and diarrhea are removed in different ways. To stop diarrhea recommended astringents (oak bark, nitrate salts of bismuth, tanalin, white clay, etc.), to eliminate constipation is enema.
  • The normalization of microflora. Normal and stable peristalsis is impossible without healthy gut flora. As a result of diarrhea or constipation microflora dies. If you did a cleaning of the event — the bacteria washed out, resulting in may start a protracted constipation. Appointed special medicines-probiotics, such as Linex, enzymes (if the disease occurs on the background of their nedostatochnosti), chelators (POLYSORB, activated charcoal, Polifepan, Enterosgel, Filtrum, etc.).

How to treat ulcerative colitis?

Ulcerative colitis bowel treatable difficult. Require more intensive therapy, and therefore more lengthy and expensive. Drugs to treat this type of disease is not only expensive, but have many side effects, because applied strictly according to the prescription of a specialist.

They are available in the form of rectal suppositories, enemas, in tablet form (salofalk worth us, Pentas, Mezavant, Mesacol). In some cases, have resorted to the use of drugsbiological therapies, like drugs Humir (Adalimumab), Remicade (Infliximab). In the most severe cases, it is acceptable to use corticosteroidi medications (Prednisone, Methylprednisolone, Hydrocortisone). Medications are available in rectal infusions, suppositories, tablets.

If the cause of the disease in autoimmune disease or allergic reactions are assigned to immunodepressor (Cyclosporine, Azathioprine, Methotrexate).

Also in chronic colitis, it is recommended Spa treatment.